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Sunanda: 4-Apr-2009 | Skimp already, in effect has a plugin: make-word-list. That defines what a "word" is. One way to implement stemming would be to make stemming a plugin to make-word-list. But I have not really thought about that yet: http://www.rebol.org/documentation.r?script=make-word-list.r | |
Group: Core ... Discuss core issues [web-public] | ||
RobertS: 1-Apr-2008 | Diss'ing IDE's might alienate some Smalltalk folk. I cannot imagine maintaining an application suite such as I deal with everyday without an IDE. I just wish it was not eclipse ... Of course only wimps used a Disk Operating System and real men code in machine codes only ... and real pro's dictated their SNOBOL punch cards to lovely assistants ... and ANT scripts are for sissies. Some must have ridiculed Tcl, Expect and TK in their day ... but if my IDE can facilitate my efforts to systematically (key word there) shrirnk company''s codebase as it becomes more reliable with better test coverage then maybe a refactoring browser would be a good tool after all. Even better if it is an integrated part of the IDE, as in Dolphin Smalltalk or Squeak Smalltalk or Smalltalk/X or Cincom Visual Smalltalk. Not that I couldn't survive on grep and diff's. But once the codebase is too large for any one person to author or maintain on their lonesome, a tool that remebers what you did last and where can be a god-send. If you want to know hell without an IDE join an actuarial department working in APL. There you don't even know if they have talent: you just hope most of it works as each quarter rolls around and try to survive year-end. But you know they're smart, cuz after all, they're actuaries - and look at all that APL code in all those files ... of course a few of them look back wistfully at their student days in C with Borland's decent IDE. REBOL [ File: %vid-usage.r Date: 09-Jan-2004 Title: "VID Usage" Purpose: "VID Usage Tutorial with Runnable Examples" Version: 1.2.1 Author: "Cybarite" Edits: RobertS Source: { Based on %easy-vid.r by Carl Sassenrath. Clips from various sites including email that are attributed in the section } library: [ level: 'intermediate platform: 'all type: [tutorial] domain: [gui] tested-under: [view 1.2.8.3.1 on W2K] support: none license: none see-also: none ] ] flash "Fetching image..." read-thru/to http://www.rebol.com/view/demos/palms.jpg%palms.jpg read-thru/to http://www.rebol.com/graphics/reb-logo.gif%rebo-logo.gif read-thru/to http://www.rebol.com/view/bay.jpg%bay.jpg pic: %palms.jpg unview customer: make object! [ ; this sets a default customer object in case the user does not push the samples in order name: "Rosetta Stone" date-of-birth: 14-March-1959 ] stylize/master [text-note: txt maroon bold] ; this sets a default for users who run the samples out of order ; polished is an image that is embedded in this script file ; so that no outside files need to be loaded. ; This technique is used in many of the REBOL samples polished: load #{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} content: {VID Usage - REBOL Visual Interfaces ===Updates --01-Apr-2008 * Fixed oddity with last item on stylesheets which was locking up some versions of VIEW ---09-Jan-2004 * Fixed slider initialize. * Focus section was not parsed out. --- fixed * Fixed some text errors for the parsing of === ---07-Jan-2004 * Revived vid-usage.r * added more examples from the script library * manage source as vid-usage.leo an outliner file ---12-August-2001 Added supply examples. See: !List/Supply !List With Supplied Data !Supply List With Scroll ---13-August-2001 !Add Subpanel example ported by Anton ===Caveats ---Work In Progress This is a work in progress. Whether the progress will continue depends on the feedback. ---All Rights Reserved The work is based on the documentation of REBOL View provided by REBOL Technology and its mailing list. All rights to this documentation remain the property of REBOL Technology. ---Plagiarized Examples Things are shamelessly plagiarized. There are many experts on the mailing list whose work is included here; most notably the examples from the REBOL documentation. ---Approach The approach that this document uses is to use REBOL/View/VID to demonstrate its abilities and give a visual tutorial. To enable this some changes have been made to the core %easyvid.r program from Carl Sassenrath. A scoll bar was added to the right pane because it was just too difficult to constrain the examples to the screen real estate that was available. ---Order Order The order of the items needs some work. The easyvid presentation approach today does not allow for the drilling down and expansion of an outline tree which is needed for a large amount of documentation. The preferred approach is to put a multi-level tree for navigation purposes and then allow navigation up and down the tree. ===To Do * make this a true outline tree * re-organize it better * update as requested and as possible by suggestions on AltME's REBOL world under group EasyVID * correct numerous flaws * better scrolling implementation using the updates that have been used in other examples such as Didier's %delete-email.r * allow clipping to clipboard like AltME does on a row for the source examples ===Introduction to VID With REBOL/View it's easy and quick to create your own user interfaces. The purpose of this tutorial is to teach you the basic concepts or REBOL/View interfaces in about 20 minutes. VID is REBOL's Visual Interface Dialect. A dialect is an extension of the REBOL language that makes it easier to express or describe information, actions, or interfaces. VID is a dialect that provides a powerful method of describing user interfaces. VID is simple to learn and provides a smooth learning curve from basic user interfaces to sophisticated distributed computing applications. ---Creating VID Interfaces VID interfaces are written in plain text. You can use any text editor to create and edit your VID script. Save your script as a text file, and run it with REBOL/View. !Note: Using a word processor like Word or Wordpad is not recommended because files are not normally saved as text. If you use a word processor, be sure to save the output file as text, not as a document (.doc) file. Recommendation: Look at TextPad from http://www.textpad.com ===Minimal VID Example Here is a minimal VID example. It creates a window that displays a short text message. Only one line of code is required: view layout [text "Hello REBOL World!"] You can type this line at the REBOL console prompt, or save it in a text file and run it with REBOL. If you save it as a file, the script will also need a REBOL header. The header tells REBOL that the file contains a script. Here is an example of the script file with a header: REBOL [Title: "Example VID Script"] view layout [text "VID Example!"] You can also add buttons and other gadgets to the script. The example below displays a text, list of files, and a button: view layout [ h2 "File List:" text-list data read %. button "Great!" ] !Click on the examples above to see how they will appear on your screen. Click on their close box to remove them. All of the examples that follow can be viewed this way. ===Window Management The code that displays the examples also shows how to manage the number of windows that are open. Look at the show-example block in the code near the end of this script. The location of the example window is also managed here by keeping track of the co-ordinates for the sample. After the sample window is moved, the next use will open at the same location. ===Pre-loaded Images For this script, the image which represented a Portable Network Graphic definition of an image is held in the script and loaded. For a small number of graphics, this can achieve some packaging and performance benefits. The image "polished" is used through the script to achieve the polished steel look that is one the outer frame. backtile polished orange button 200x50 "Polished Steel Look" polished ===Two Basic Functions Two functions are used to create graphical user interfaces in REBOL: VIEW and LAYOUT. The LAYOUT function creates a set of graphical objects. These objects are called faces. You describe faces with words and values that are put into a block and passed to the LAYOUT function. The VIEW function displays faces that were previously created by LAYOUT. The example below shows how the result of the LAYOUT function is passed to the VIEW function, and the interface is displayed. view layout [ text "Layout passes its result to View for display." button "Ok" ] Click on the above example to view it. !Note: the block provided to a layout is not normal REBOL code, it is a dialect of REBOL. Using a dialect makes it much easier to express user interfaces. ===Styles Styles describe faces. The examples above use the text and button styles to specify a text line and a button. REBOL has 40 predefined face styles. You can also create your own custom styles. Here are a few example styles: view layout [ h1 "Style Examples" box brick 240x2 vtext bold "There are 40 styles built into REBOL." button "Great" toggle "Press" "Down" rotary "Click" "Several" "Times" choice "Choose" "Multiple" "Items" text-list 120x80 "this is" "a list" "of text" across check radio radio led arrow below field "Text Entry" ] The words like backdrop, banner, box, text, and button are styles. ===Facets Facets let you modify a style. For instance, you can change the color, size, text, font, image, edge, background, special effects, and many other facets of a style. Facets follow the style name. Here is an example that shows how you modify the text style to be bold and navy blue: view layout [txt bold navy "Facets are easy to use."] The words bold and navy are not styles. They are facets that modify a style. Facets can appear in any order so you don't have to remember which goes first. For example, the line above could be written as: view layout [txt "Facets are easy to use." navy bold] Many facets that can be specified. Here is an example that creates bold red text centered in a black box. view layout [txt 300 bold red black center "Red Text"] You can create facets that produce special effects, such as a gradient colored backdrop behind the text: view layout [ vtext bold "Wild Thing" effect [gradient 200.0.0 0.0.200] ] ===Custom Styles Custom styles are shortcuts that save time. When you define a custom style, the facets you need go into the new style. This reduces what you need to specify each time you use the style, and it allows you to modify the look of your interface by changing the style definitions. For example, here is a layout that defines a style for red buttons. The style word defines the new style, followed by the old style name and its facets. view layout [ style red-btn button red text "Testing red button style:" red-btn "Test" red-btn "Red" ] So, if you wanted to create a text style for big, bold, underlined, yellow, typewriter text: view layout [ style yell tt 220 bold underline yellow font-size 16 yell "Hello" yell "This is big old text." yell "Goodbye" ] ===Master Stylesheet REBOL holds its styles in a master stylesheet. When you are sure that you want to share them without having to add the style sheet line then do it as follows: First add the style to the master sheet: button 200x50 "Define text-note as maroon bold text" [stylize/master [ text-note: txt maroon bold ]] button 200x50 "Define text-note as white italic text" [stylize/master [ text-note: txt white italic ]] Then invoke it: view layout [ across size 200x200 return text-note "This shows a master stylesheet style in use." return text-note "This shows another usage of the same style." return text-note "If you want to see the other style displayed, click the Add Style section again and then use the other button" ] ===Note About Examples !From this point forward, all examples will assume that the view and layout functions are provided. Only the layout block contents will be shown. To use these examples in your scripts, you will need to put them in a layout block, as was shown earlier. For example, code that is written as: view layout [button red "Test it"] will now appear as: button red "Test it" ===Face Sizes The size of a face depends on its style. Most styles, such as buttons, toggles, boxes, checks, text-lists, and fields, have a convenient default size. Here are some examples. button "Button" toggle "Toggle" box blue field text-list If no size is given, text will automatically compute its size, and images will use whatever their source size is: text "Short text line" text "This is a much longer line of text than that above." image %palms.jpg You can change the size of any face by providing a size facet. The size can be an integer or a pair. An integer specifies the width of the face. A pair specifies both width and height. Images will be stretched to fit the size. button 200 "Big Button" button 200x100 "Huge Button" image %palms.jpg 50x50 image %palms.jpg 150x50 ===Color Facets Most styles have a default color. For example the body of buttons will default to a teal color. To modify the color of a face, provide a color facet: button blue "Blue Button" h2 red "Red Heading" image %palms.jpg orange Colors can also be specifed as tuples. Each tuple contains three numbers: the red, green, and blue components of the color. Each component can range from 0 to 255. For example: button 200.0.200 "Red + Blue = Magenta" 200 image %palms.jpg 0.200.200 "Green + Blue" Some face styles also allow more than one color. The effect of the color depends on the style. For text styles the first color will be used for the text and the second color for the background of the text: txt "Yellow on red background" yellow red banner "White on Navy Blue" white navy For other styles, the body of the face is the first color, and the second color will be used as its alternate. button "Multicolor" olive red toggle "Multicolor" blue orange ===Layout Commands To drop user interface elements on the canvas according to VIDs directional layout controls ---Across You are placing elements in a row orientation across return button "A" button "B" button "C" return button "D" button "E" button "F" ---Below You are placing elements in a column orientation below return button "A" button "B" button "C" return button "D" button "E" button "F" ---Mix You can mix the directional controls across return button "A" button "B" below button "C" across button "D" button "E" button "F" ---Padding The pad keyword creates extra padding between styles. It uses a pair or integer value. When it is an integer, spacing is created either horizontally (across) or vertically (below). When it is a pair, the spacing will be created both horizontal and vertically. The following example illustrates both uses. First, the buttons "one" and "two" are padded with an integer representing 40 pixels in one direction. Then the buttons "three" and "four" are padded with a pair representing 40x40 pixels. across button "one" pad 40 button "two" return button "three" pad 40x40 button "four" Padding can be negative. backtile polished orange pad 200x200 button "A" pad -100x-100 button "B" ---Guide A guide is a virtual alignment control title "Buttons Without A Guide" button "one" button "two" return button "three" button "four" return button" five" button "six" With an implicit guide location title "Buttons With An Implicit Guide Location" guide button "one" button "two" return button "three" button "four" return button" five" button "six" With an explicit guide location across title "Buttons With An Explicit Guide Location" guide 55x100 button "one" button "two" return button "three" button "four" return button" five" button "six" ===Tabstops Tabs can be used for alignment. ---Across tabs 200 ; sets tabs every 200 pixels across button 20 "A" tab button 20 "B" tab button 20 "C" tabs 100 ; sets tabs every 100 pixels return button 20 "D" tab button 20 "E" tab button 20 "F" ---Below tabs 200 ; sets tabs every 200 pixels below button 20 "A" tab button 20 "B" tab button 20 "C" tabs 100 ; sets tabs every 100 pixels return button 20 "D" tab button 20 "E" tab button 20 "F" ---Explicit Settings Tabstops can be set at explicit values tabs [100 124 166 212 300] across tab button 20 "A" tab button 20 "B" tab button 20 "C" tab button 20 "D" ===Color Facets Most styles have a default color. For example the body of buttons will default to a teal color. To modify the color of a face, provide a color facet: button 200 blue "Blue Button" h2 red "Red Heading" image polished orange Colors can also be specifed as tuples. Each tuple contains three numbers: the red, green, and blue components of the color. Each component can range from 0 to 255. For example: button 200.0.200 "Red + Blue = Magenta" 200 image polished 0.200.200 "Green + Blue" Some face styles also allow more than one color. The effect of the color depends on the style. For text styles the first color will be used for the text and the second color for the background of the text: txt "Yellow on red background" yellow red title "White on Navy Blue" white navy For other styles, the body of the face is the first color, and the second color will be used as its alternate. button 200 "Multicolor" olive red toggle 200 "Multicolor" blue orange From the mailing list, there was a problem reported in changing button color: view layout [ b: button "New color" [ b/color: random 255.255.255 show b ] ] And the answer was that the gradient of the color was preventing this change from working: style color-changing-button button 0.0.0 ; new style overwrites gradient effect b: color-changing-button "New color" [ b/color: random 255.255.255 show b ] ===Text Facets Most faces will accept text to be displayed. Even graphical faces can display text. For example, the box and image faces will display text if it is provided: box blue "Box Face" image polished "Image Face" Most button faces will accept more than one text string. The strings will be shown as alternates as the face is selected. button 200 "Up" "Down" toggle 200 "Off" "On" rotary 200 "Red" "Green" "Blue" "Yellow" choice 200 "Monday" "Tuesday" "Wednesday" "Thursday" "Friday" text-list 200 "Monday" "Tuesday" "Wednesday" "Thursday" "Friday" When other datatypes need to be displayed as text, use the form function to convert them first: button 250 form now field form first read %. ===Normal Text Style Normal text is light on dark and can include a number of facets to set the font, style, color, shadow, spacing, tabbing, and other attributes. text "Normal" text "Bold" bold text "Italic" italic text "Underline" underline text "Bold italic underline" bold italic underline text "Big" font-size 32 text "Serif style text" font-name font-serif text "Spaced text" font [space: 5x0] Text also includes these predefined styles: title "Title" 200 vh1 "vh1" vh2 "vh2" vh3 "vh3" vh4 "vh4" label "Label" ===Document Text Style Document text is dark on light and can also include a number of facets to set the font, style, color, shadow, spacing, tabbing, and other attributes. txt "Normal" txt "Bold" bold txt "Italic" italic txt "Underline" underline txt "Bold italic underline" bold italic underline txt "Big" font-size 32 txt "Serif style text" font-name font-serif txt "Spaced text" font [space: 5x0] Document text also includes these predefined styles: title "Centered title" 200 h1 "Heading 1" h2 "Heading 2" h3 "Heading 3" h4 "Heading 4" tt "Typewriter text" ===Text Entry Fields Text input fields accept text until the enter or tab key is pressed. A text input field can be created with: field To make the field larger or smaller, provide a width: field 30 field 300 Fields will scroll when necessary. Larger amounts of text can be entered in an area. Areas also accept an enter key and will break lines. area You can also specify the area size: area 160x200 To force the text in an area to wrap rather than scroll horizontally, provide the wrap option: area wrap ===Text Setting To set the value of a text field under program control, use /text: e.g. across backtile polished return t1: txt 200 "This is some original text" return f1: field 200 "Some field text" return a1: area {Some original area text.} wrap 200x80 return button 200 "Change Text" [ t1/text: "Some different text" f1/text: "Some new field text" a1/text: {Some wrapping text in the^/ area field to^/ show that this^/ is supported} show [t1 f1 a1] ] ===Text Lists Text lists are easy to create. Here is an example. text-list "Eureka" "Ukiah" "Mendocino" You can also provide it as a block: text-list data ["Eureka" "Ukiah" "Mendocino"] Almost any type of block can be provided. Here is a list of all the files in your current directory: text-list data read %. Here is a list of all the words REBOL has scanned: text-list data first system/words ===Scrolling Text List A style to allow maintenance of lists from Brett Handley on the REBOL list: style updatable-text-list text-list with [ update-slider: does [ sld/redrag lc / max 1 length? head lines ] ] tl: updatable-text-list 300x100 data copy system/locale/months button 300x20 "Delete first entry on the list" [ remove tl/data tl/update-slider show tl ] button 300x20 "Append the 'now' timestamp to list" [ append tl/data mold now tl/update-slider show tl ] ===Text List Picked Values list-of-letters: text-list "a" "b" "c" "d" "e" button 200 "Pick Item 3" [ clear list-of-letters/picked append list-of-letters/picked pick list-of-letters/data 3 show list-of-letters ] ===Images By default an image will be scaled to fit within a face. image 60x60 polished image polished red Images can be framed in a number of ways: image 100x100 polished frame blue 5x5 image 100x100 polished bevel image 100x100 polished ibevel 6x6 Most other faces can accept an image as well as text: box 100x100 polished button "Button" polished purple toggle "Toggle" polished blue red field bold "This is a field." polished effect [emboss tile] field bold "This is another field." polished effect [brighten 100] The image can be provided as a filename, URL, or image data. ===Backdrops A backdrop can be a color, an effect, an image, or a combination of the three. For example a backdrop color would be written as: backdrop navy title "Color Backdrop" gold To create a backdrop effect provide it on the line: backdrop effect [gradient 1x1 0.0.100 100.0.0] title "Gradient Backdrop" gold A backdrop image can be a file, URL, or image data: backdrop polished title "Image Backdrop" red The backdrop image can be colorized: size 400x500 backdrop polished blue title "Blue Image Backdrop" The image can include an effect: backdrop polished effect [fit gradcol 1x1 100.0.0 0.0.250] title "Gradient Image Backdrop" ===Backtile To make a backdrop use a tile effect there are two options: backdrop polished effect [tile] banner "This shows a backdrop with a tile effect" or backtile polished banner "This demonstrates backtile" Note the difference between: size 400x500 backdrop polished banner "Here one image is stretched to cover the canvas" and size 400x500 backtile polished banner "Here one image is repeated to cover the canvas" ===Effect Facets A range of effects are supported for faces. All of these effects are performed directly on the face when it is rendered. Here are examples of a few possible effects in top to bottom then left to right order: style polished-steel image 80x60 polished polished-steel effect [flip 1x1] polished-steel effect [rotate 90] polished-steel effect [reflect 1x1] polished-steel effect [crop 0x50 120x60 fit] polished-steel effect [grayscale] polished-steel effect [invert] polished-steel effect [difference 200.0.0] polished-steel effect [tint 80] return polished-steel effect [contrast 50] polished-steel effect [brighten 50] polished-steel effect [sharpen] polished-steel effect [blur] polished-steel effect [colorize 204.0.0] polished-steel effect [gradcol 1x1 150.0.0 0.0.150] polished-steel effect [gradmul 0x1 0.100.0] polished-steel effect [grayscale emboss] Effects can be used in combination to create other interesting results. However, keep in mind that the computations are performed in real time. If complex combinations are required, a temporary image should be created with the to-image function. ===Actions An action can be associated with almost any face. To do so, follow the face style with a block: button "Test" [alert "test"] The block is used as the body of a function that is passed the face and the current value (if the face has one). For example: toggle "Toggle" [alert form value] rotary "A" "B" "C" [alert form value] text "Click Here" [alert face/text] If a second block is provide, it is used for the alternate actions (right key): button "Click Here" [view/new layout [txt "action"]] [view/new layout [txt "alt-action"]] Use variables to modify the contents or state of other faces. For example, the slider will update the progress bar: slider 200x16 [p1/data: value show p1] p1: progress !More action on actions needed... ===Show After the state is changed for a user interface element, it must be re-drawn to be reflected on the user interface canvas. Accomplish this with the show message. backtile polished across toggle "Toggle State" [ cybernetics?/data: not cybernetics?/data show cybernetics?] return label "Are you interested in cybernetics?" cybernetics?: check One show command can be used for multiple user interface elements backtile polished orange across b1: check label "Red" return b2: check label "Green" return button 200 "Change State But No Refresh" [b1/data: not b1/data b2/data: not b2/data] return button "Show" [show [b1 b2]] ===Hide A user interface element can also be hidden. backtile polished orange across c1: check hide-button: button "Hide" [hide c1] return show-button: button "Show" [show [c1 d2]] The show-button action tries to show a user interface element 'd2' that does not exist. REBOL/View ignores these. ===Invisible Faces To make a button invisible when the view is opened, you can define an invisible button style This approach sets the show? value to false when the user interface element is initialized. across style invisible-button button with [append init [show?: false]] late-shower: invisible-button "I'm Here" return return button 200 "Show Invisible Button" [show late-shower] This works for the other visible user interface element. ===Focus A user interface element can programmatically be given the focus. across backtile polished button 200 "Set focus to Phone Field" [focus f2] return label "Name: " f1: field 100 return label "Phone: " f2: field 100 return button 200 "Remove focus from Phone Field" [unfocus f2] return button 200 "Hide the Phone Field" [hide f2] return ---Focus Defect !Note that the tab function shows a hidden field. I have assumed that this is a defect. If a field is hidden, the tab button should not make it visible. This has been previously sent to feedback. ===Radio Buttons A radio button is used to make a choice between mutually exclusive values. Your preferred programming language is REBOL or C++ or PL/1 or APL but it is only one of those. across backtile polished radio of 'programming-language pad 0x-4 label "REBOL" return radio of 'programming-language pad 0x-4 label "C++" return radio of 'programming-language pad 0x-4 label "PL/1" return radio of 'programming-language pad 0x-4 label "APL" return To mix two groups of radio buttons on one screen, associate them with their groups using the "of 'word". In the above, the grouping is 'programming-language. across backtile polished radio of 'programming-language pad 0x-4 label "Language: REBOL" return radio of 'programming-language pad 0x-4 label "Language: C++" return radio of 'editor pad 0x-4 label "Editor: TextPad" return radio of 'editor pad 0x-4 label "Editor: Notepad" return The padding in the above is needed to keep the label aligned with the radio button. across backtile polished orange radio of 'programming-language pad 0x-4 label "REBOL" return radio of 'programming-language label "APL" return ===Radio Button Settings A radio button is not very useful unless you can find out what its setting is and change that setting under program control. across backtile polished orange rebol-radio: radio of 'programming-language [programming-language: 'rebol] pad 0x-4 label "REBOL" return apl-radio: radio of 'programming-language [programming-language: 'apl] label "APL" return button 200 "Toggle radio button" [ apl-radio/data: not rebol-radio/data: not rebol-radio/data show [rebol-radio apl-radio] ] ===Check Box ---Purpose A check box is used to allow user interface choices where the choices are not mutually exclusive. across backtile polished orange c1: check label "Likes animals" return c2: check label "Like Monkees" return c3: check label "Like The Animals" ---State A check box is not much good if you can't get and set its state (on or off). across backtile polished orange c1: check label "Likes animals" return c2: check label "Like Monkees" return button "Set State" [ c1/data: true show c1 c2/data: false show c2 ] ===Sensor ---Purpose A sensor is an invisible user interface element. Using a sensor only makes sense in a few instances. If you want a keycode action where there is no visible user interface element to link the action to then a sensor can be used. This sensor code adds an Escape or Back or Enter action that will close the window. sensor 1x1 keycode [#"^M" #" " #"^(back)" #"^(ESC)"] [unview] Or if you want to make portions of an image 'hot' instead of putting buttons on top of the image, then a sensor will achieve this. across backtile polished orange txt "Click on the upper left section of the gray image to invoke the sensor action" return animage: image 100x100 polished ; here the image is just the polished area at animage/offset sensor 50x50 [alert "You pushed over the sensor"] ===Displaying Script Values If the script has a standard format headings, including custom ones, these can be used in the application by picking them from the system/script/header. backtile polished across banner "About" return text font-size 16 rejoin ["Title: " form system/script/header/title] return text font-size 16 rejoin ["Originator: " form system/script/header/author] return text font-size 16 rejoin ["Modifier: " form system/script/header/modifier] return text font-size 16 rejoin ["Version: " form system/script/header/version] return text font-size 16 rejoin ["Updated: " form system/script/header/date] return button "OK" [unview] ===Toggle A toggle button represents boolean state - either on or off. The button stays down until toggled again. Colors and text can be paired for "on" and "off" state. toggle "Up" "Down" red blue To set the state via program control, use: across backtile polished return t1: toggle "Up" "Down" red blue return button polished 204.0.0 100 "Toggle State" [ t1/state: not t1/state show t1 ] ===Rotary Buttons Rotary buttons are a different sort of user interface device. They can cause some challenges because the state is what's showing so you have to blindly "toggle" to get to a state that you want. But for quick and easy uses where the user is familiar with the options, they can be handy. If you plan to use them for a long list of items such as shown below, they might give you some usability concerns. ---Example across backtile polished rotary data ["First" "Second" "Third"] ---Setting State across backtile polished return r1: rotary data (my-options: ["First" "Second" "Third"]) return button 200 "Change Rotary State" [ r1/data: next r1/data if tail? r1/data [r1/data: head r1/data] show r1 ] ---Example - Usability For Unfamiliar List Contents The rotary button demonstrated here contains some information unfamiliar to most (Saturn's satellites). Use it to to set the state so that "Calypso" is set. Doable but without knowing the order each re-paint has to be checked to ensure that it is not "Calypso" before clicking again. If you do click past the choice that you want, there is no back function so you have to cycle through again. return rotary data [ "Pan" "Atlas" "Prometheus" "Pandora" "Epimetheus" "Janus" "Mimas" "Enceladus" "Tethys" "Telesto" "Calypso" "Dione" "Helene" "Rhea" "Titan" "Hyperion" "Iapetus" "Phoebe" ] ===Arrows REBOL/View supports arrows as simple user interface elements. Actions can be associated with them. ---Arrowheads And Actions By default, the arrow is 20x20 across size 200x100 backtile polished at 50x50 arrow left [alert "You pressed the left arrow"] [alert "You pushed the alternate button on the left arrow"] at 70x30 arrow up at 90x50 arrow right [alert "You pressed the right arrow"] at 70x70 arrow down ---Very Sharp Arrows And with a little work the arrows and boxes can be merged to look sharper. Here is a "sharp at both ends" arrow from the block diagram script by Carl: origin 0 backcolor white at 0x0 box 40x40 white effect [arrow rotate 270] at 110x0 box 40x40 white effect [arrow rotate 90] at 24x10 box black 100x20 ---Arrow Blend So that shows you how to make an arrow blend into your background size 100x100 across backdrop gray at 50x50 box 40x40 gray effect [arrow rotate 90] at 40x67 box 25x5 black ===LED LEDs would be used to display state (on or off). Clicking the LED toggles its state and changes its color. LEDs do not support alternate mouse button actions. across banner "Light Emitting Diode" return l1: led 10x10 [alert "LED left mouse action"] label "Alert status" l2: led 10x10 [alert "LED left mouse action"] label "Network status" return button "Change state" [ l1/data: not l1/data l2/data: not l2/data show [l1 l2] ] ===Box ---Boxing Draw boxes of any heigth and width with the box style box "Large Box" 200x400 polished orange ---Boxes As Lines If you make the box narrow enough or short enough it is a line (or a dot). across size 300x300 backtile polished at 50x0 box 3x100 gold at 0x50 b1: box 100x3 gold at 10x10 box 5x5 red ---Boxes Can Grow across size 300x300 backtile polished at 150x0 b1: box 100x3 gold return pad 0x100 button "Grow Down" [ for i 3 300 1 [ b1/size/y: 1 + b1/size/y wait 00:00:00.01 show b1 ] ] return pad 0x100 button "Back Up" [ for i 300 3 -1 [ b1/size/y: b1/size/y - 1 wait 00:00:00.01 show b1 ] ] You might even find a use for it. ---Grid Effect Not sure of the use for this yet but here is what you can do: return box "Grid Lock" with [effect: [grid 20x20 8x8 4x3]] white 300x200 return box "Grid Lock" with [effect: [grid 20x20 5x5 3x3]] white - 80 300x200 ===Frame Earlier versions of REBOL VID supported frames in layouts such as view layout [frame "This is the Bay" %bay.jpg] These are no longer valid. But frames can be put around some user interface devices: image 100x100 polished frame red ===List A list is an iterated sub layout and takes a layout block that uses the Visual Interface Dialect. The styles in the layout will be repeated until there is no more room to fit them within the list dimensions. ---Why A face can be iterated to create a number of virtual faces. For instance, when displaying a list of ten buttons, each of the buttons does not need to be created as a separate object. If the buttons only differ by a few facets (such as position, text, and action taken on selection), a model face can be created and iterated for its other position. This is useful when creating scrolling lists of files and other data sets that share the same appearance. ---Supply Supply provides the data to the list for an iterated face. do [cnt: 0 list-collection: [aqua sky water] ] backtile polished orange across list-displayed: list 100x72 [ origin 0 space 0x0 across color-field: txt bold 80x24 ] supply [ if none? one-color: pick list-collection count [exit] face/text: do pick [one-color] index ] return txt gold 180 "OK ... but not too useful" ---Supply Columns Maybe adding some more columns would be better. Here I'll add a column of buttons that display the color name and a column of text strings in italic. do [ cnt: 0 list-collection: [aqua sky water gold silver coffee] ] backtile polished orange across list-displayed: list 300x200 [ origin 0 space 0x0 across color-field: txt bold 80x24 color-button: button 80x24 pad 5x1 txt 100 italic ] supply [ if none? one-color: pick list-collection count [exit] face/text: do pick [ [one-color] [to-string one-color] [rejoin [" " to-string one-color]] ] index ] return txt gold 300 {A bit more interesting but the last row repeats to fill the list size. Some of the other VID components will automatically stretch to fit the size needed (such as this txt field) but the list does not behave that way. You have to make the list size fit its data or make it smaller and add a vertical scroll capability. That is shown a little later on.} ===List With Supplied Data This example is to show adding action to the list and adds a horizontal line between the rows. do [ cnt: 0 list-collection: [aqua sky water gold silver coffee] ] backtile polished orange across list-displayed: list water edge [size: 6x6 color: silver] 350x96 [ origin 0 space 0x0 across color-field: txt 60 [alert rejoin ["You pressed the " face/text " text field"]] pad 45x0 color-button: button 80 [alert rejoin ["You pressed the " face/text " button"]] pad 5x0 txt 120 italic return box 350x1 white ; this causes a horizontal line to appear between each row ] supply [ if none? one-color: pick list-collection count [exit] face/text: do pick [ [one-color] [to-string one-color] [rejoin [" " to-string one-color]] ] index ] ===Supply List With Scroll This example shows a supplied list with a scroll capability. More colors are added to demonstrate scrolling. Note that this is a verbose list of code where I added comments for my understanding of how the scroll was linked to the list. The same effect can be accomplished with fewer lines of code. do [ ; first this do block creates the data definitions needed. slider-position-clicked: 0 count: 0 x: 450 y: 300 row-y: 16 ; the row height includes the data plus any separator lines list-size: to-pair reduce [x y] ; this is the size of the display list separator-size: to-pair reduce [x 1] slider-size: to-pair reduce [24 y ] list-collection: [ aqua bar-color base-color beige black blue brick brown button-color coal coffee crimson cyan forest gold gray green ivory khaki leaf linen magenta main-color maroon mint navy oldrab olive orange over-color papaya pewter pink purple rebolor red sienna silver sky snow tan teal violet water wheat white yellow ] supply-style: stylize [ button-fixed: button left coal to-pair reduce [80 row-y] ; these keep the row elements the same height text-fixed: txt to-pair reduce [160 row-y] ] data-size: length? list-collection ] backtile polished orange ; this section layouts out the list across list-position: at ; the position is captured here in order to later put the slider beside it list-displayed: list linen edge [size: 6x6 color: tan] list-size [ origin 0 space 0x0 across styles supply-style text-fixed [alert rejoin ["You pressed the " face/text " text field"]] button-fixed [alert rejoin ["You pressed the " face/text " button"]] pad 5x0 text-fixed 80 italic [alert rejoin ["You pressed the italic " face/text " text field"]] return box separator-size gray ; this causes a horizontal line to appear between each row ] supply [ count: count + slider-position-clicked if none? one-color: pick list-collection count [exit] face/text: either count > (1 + data-size) [""] [ do pick [ [one-color] ; this is supplied to the first txt field (text-fixed) [to-string one-color] ; this is supplied to the button (button-fixed) [rejoin [" " to-string one-color " "]] ; this value is supplied to the last text-fixed field ] index ] ] ; now add a slider to the side of the list at list-position + (list-size * 1x0) ; this finds the top right border of the list widget vertical-slider: slider slider-size to-integer y / row-y [ slider-position-clicked: vertical-slider/data ; the slider has to be bound to the size of the list * ((1 + data-size) - ((y / (1 + row-y)))) ; including the row height if slider-position-clicked <> count [ count: slider-position-clicked show list-displayed ] ] ===Slider A slider is interactive user interface element. The data of a slider varies from 0 to 1. backtile polished orange across slider-1: slider 200x40 return button 200 "Move first slider to 50%" [ slider-1/data: .5 show slider-1 ] return txt 200 "The second slider in this example is initialized to the 80% mark." return slider 200x40 with [append init [data: .8]] ===Progress Indicator The progress-1 face in this example is a progress indicator. Because it is only displaying information, it is non-interactive i.e. you can not change its value by dragging its edges. The alternate button is not supported on a progress indicator. backtile polished orange across slider 200x40 [ progress-1/data: value field-1/text: join (to-integer (100 * value)) " %" show [progress-1 field-1] ] return progress-1: progress return field-1: field ===Panels Panels are used to create sub-panes that can be more easily managed by grouping the user interface devices on a panel. The first example below shows how to use panels for layout alignment. By creating a panel definition, all of the components defined within it are aligned relative to its origin. across backtile polished brick tabs 50 return panel-1: panel 250x120 [ backtile polished across return button water 200 "Button A" return button aqua 200 "Button B" return button sky 200 "Button C" ] at panel-1/offset + panel-1/size panel 60x90 [ ; start at the bottom right corner of panel-1 backtile polished across return button tan 20 "1" return button coffee 20 "2" ] ---Multiple SubPanels example This example from the REBOL html documentation shows how to easily hide and show sections of a user interface by displaying them on the face area of a box. do [ ; define two panels panel1: layout [ origin 8x8 h2 "Panel 1" field "Field 1" field "Field 2" button "The Answer" [alert "I know nothing."] ] panel2: layout [ origin 8x8 h2 "Panel 2" across txt "X:" slider 150x16 return txt "Y:" slider 150x16 return check [panel2/color: maroon show panel2] txt "Don't click this" return check [panel2/color: silver show panel2] txt "Click this" return ] panel1/offset: 0x0 panel2/offset: 0x0 ] vh2 "Subpanel Examples" ; now demonstrate panel use guide pad 20 button "Panel 1" [panels/pane: panel1 show panels] button "Panel 2" [panels/pane: panel2 show panels] button "Quit" [unview] return box 2x140 maroon return panels: box 220x140 do [panels/pane: panel1] ===Simple Default Style Override The style's default look can be overriden easily with one line of code. For example, to make the default button size 200x200 with a water color, use style button button 200x200 water button "Big Blue Button" [unview] To make the toggle some different default colors: style toggle toggle crimson sky toggle "Up" "Down" Note that these stay in effect until they are overridden so if you use the default values, exercise some care unless you meant to do that. ===Image Maker An option used by Carl in some of his programs is to let View create specific icons so that you have portability and more control of look of the image then if you referenced an external file such as gif that was a bullet display. Here's how to do that: do [ make-image: func [xy wh eff] [ eff: layout [ size 20x20 at xy box wh effect eff ] eff/color: rebolor to-image eff ] dot: make-image 6x5 9x9 [gradient 1x1 255.0.0 0.0.0 oval key 0.0.0] dot-big: make-image 8x7 12x12 [gradient 1x1 255.0.0 0.0.0 oval key 0.0.0] arr: make-image 3x3 14x14 [arrow 0.0.127 rotate 90] ard: make-image 3x3 14x14 [arrow 0.0.127 rotate 180] ] ; end of "do" - it is needed here because easyvid approach is expecting vid dialect commands banner "Presentation Points" size 400x300 across style label label gold ; make a label's text be a different color than the default return image dot label "This is bullet point number 1" return image dot label "This is bullet point number 2" return image arr label "This is arrow point number 1" return image ard label "This is an arrow making a different point" return image dot-big pad 0x4 area 300x80 wrap "And because these arrows and dots are images, action can be added to them to make them 'hot' with mouse actions including 'over'." ===Needs Some Work !More to come. These still need to be covered in this tutorial: text-list data [ icon ] ===Digital Clock origin 0 banner "00:00:00" rate 1 effect [gradient 0x1 0.0.150 0.0.50] feel [engage: func [face act evt] [face/text: now/time show face]] ===REBOL Logo image %rebo-logo.gif [unview] ===Paint Drops REBOL one liner by Vincent Ecuyer b: box rate 9 effect[draw[pen(random snow)circle(random 99x99)2]blur]box 1x1 rate 9 effect[draw[(b/image: to-image b)]] ===eMailer One line emailer by Doc Kimbel Assumes you have set up your email in set-user e: field "Email" s: field "Subject" m: area "Body" btn "Send"[send/subject to-email e/text m/text s/text alert "ok"] ===Hello World text "Hello World!" button "Close" [unview] ===Three Buttons button "Yes" button "Maybe" button "No" ===View Web Text text 800x600 read http://www.rebol.com ===View Image image %palms.jpg ===View Image and File Name Here a do block is used to initialize the file variable within the layout code. do [file: %palms.jpg] image file text form file ===View Image behind File Name Here a do block is used to initialize the file variable within the layout code. do [file: %palms.jpg] image file form file ===Buttons From Images backdrop 40.70.140 stat: text bold "Click a Button" 100x20 240.140.40 center button "Bay Test" %bay.jpg 100x100 [ stat/text: "Upper" show stat ] button "Blue Test" %bay.jpg 100x100 10.30.180 [ stat/text: "Lower" show stat ] ===View List list blue 320x200 [across text white 200 text white 100] data [ ["John" 100] ["Joe" 200] ["Martin" 300] ] ===Movie Credits backdrop %bay.jpg effect [fit] text center bold 240x30 "REBOL, The Movie" yellow font [size: 16] credits: text { Edit This File To Add Your Own Credits It is very simple to do. Only takes a minute. Only REBOL Makes It Possible... } white bold center 240x180 rate 30 para [origin: 0x+100] feel [engage: func [f a e] [ if a = 'time [f/para/origin: f/para/origin - 0x1 show f] ] ] ===Fire Demo box 150x150 with [ edge: none img: image: make image! 150x150 rate: 20 text: "FIREBOLEK" font: make font [size: 24 color: 255.125.0] basic: [draw [image make pair! reduce [(random 3) - 2 -1] img]] effects: reduce [ append copy basic [blur luma -10] append copy basic [sharpen luma -10 blur] append copy basic [contrast 10 blur luma -5] ] effect: first effects feel: make feel [ engage: func [f a e][ switch a [ down [f/effects: next f/effects if tail? f/effects [f/effects: head f/effects] f/effect: first f/effects show f] time [show f repeat i f/size/x - 4 [poke f/image (f/size/x * f/size/y) - i - 2 (random 255.0.0 + random 0.127.0) * 3] f/img: to-image f] ] ] ] ] text 150 {classical fire demo for REBOL^/ press on fire to see other effects.^/ Written by ReBolek, 2001 in 15 mins.^/ We need new category on Assembly:^/ less-than-kb-demo ;-)} with [font: make font [size: 9]] ===Bezier Oldes Bezier Line Demo See script library for %bezier-curve.r Uses functions and data initialized at script startup The end points are draggable to change the curve!!!! Here a do block is used to allow executable lines for initialization purposes. do [ draw-beziere-curve: has [result pp x0 x1 x2 x3 y0 y1 y2 y3 cx bx ax cy by ay t tx ty s] [ result: make block! 120 pp: p0/size/x / 2 x0: p0/offset/x + pp y0: p0/offset/y + pp x1: p1/offset/x + pp y1: p1/offset/y + pp x2: p2/offset/x + pp y2: p2/offset/y + pp x3: p3/offset/x + pp y3: p3/offset/y + pp insert result compose [ pen 155.0.0 line (p0/offset + pp) (p1/offset + pp) line (p2/offset + pp) (p3/offset + pp) pen 255.255.255 line (p0/offset + pp) ] cx: 3 * (x1 - x0) bx: 3 * (x2 - x1) - cx ax: x3 - x0 - cx - bx cy: 3 * (y1 - y0) by: 3 * (y2 - y1) - cy ay: y3 - y0 - cy - by t: s: 0.01 ;this value sets quality of the curve while [t <= 1][ tx: to integer! ( (ax * (t * t * t)) + (bx * (t * t)) + (cx * t) + .5 ) + x0 ty: to integer! ( (ay * (t * t * t)) + (by * (t * t)) + (cy * t) + .5 ) + y0 t: t + s insert tail result to pair! reduce [tx ty] ] return result ] click?: false mouse-pos: 0x0 ] origin 0 bkg: box black 400x400 with [effect: reduce ['draw make block! 120]] style point box 10x10 with [ effect: [draw [pen 0.255.0 fill-pen 0.200.0 circle 4x4 4]] changes: [offset] feel: make feel [ engage: func [f a e][ if a = 'down [click?: on mouse-pos: e/offset] if a = 'up [click?: off] if find [over away] a [ if click? [ f/offset: f/offset + e/offset - mouse-pos bkg/effect/2: draw-beziere-curve show [bkg f] ] ] ] ] ] at 300x200 p0: point at 200x100 p1: point at 200x300 p2: point at 100x200 p3: point do [bkg/effect/2: draw-beziere-curve] ===Buttons Galore Buttons galore from the library script %buttons.r Here a do block is used to execute the initialization needed within the layout block. do [ group: ["rotary" "test" "button"] ] origin 20x10 backdrop effect [gradient 0x1 100.20.0] vh1 "52 Button Click-up - Each with a different click effect..." vtext bold "Here is a small sampling of the thousands of button effects you can create. (This is 78 lines of code.)" at 20x80 guide button "simple" button form now/date button "colored" 100.0.0 button "text colored" font [colors: [255.80.80 80.200.80]] button with [texts: ["up text" "down text"]] button "bi-colored" colors [0.150.100 150.20.20] button with [texts: ["up color" "down color"] colors: [0.150.100 150.20.20]] button "image" pic button "color image" pic 200.100.50 button "flip color" pic with [effects: [[fit colorize 50.50.200][fit colorize 200.50.50]]] button "blink" with [rate: 2 colors: [160.40.40 40.160.40]] return button "multiply" pic with [effects: [[fit][fit multiply 128.80.60]]] button "brighten" pic with [effects: [[fit][fit luma 80]]] button "contrast" pic with [effects: [[fit][fit contrast 80]]] button "horiz flip" pic with [effects: [[fit][fit flip 1x0]]] button "vert reflect" pic with [effects: [[fit][fit reflect 0x1]]] button "invert" pic with [effects: [[fit][fit invert]]] button "vert grad" with [effects: [[gradient 0x1 0.0.0 0.200.0] [gradient 0x1 0.200.0 0.0.0]]] button "horiz grad" with [effects: [[gradient 1x0 200.0.0 200.200.200][gradient 1x0 200.200.200 200.0.0]]] button "both grad" with [effects: [[gradient 1x0 140.0.0 40.40.200] [gradient 0x1 40.40.200 140.0.0]]] button "blink grad" with [rate: 4 effects: [[gradient 1x0 0.0.0 0.0.200] [gradient 1x0 0.0.200 0.0.0]]] button "blink flip" pic with [rate: 8 effects: [[fit][fit flip 0x1]]] return button "big dull button with several lines" 100x80 0.0.100 button "dual color" pic 50.50.100 100.50.50 100x80 with [edge: [color: 80.80.80]] button "big edge" pic 100x80 with [edge: [size: 5x5 color: 80.80.80] effects: [[fit colorize 50.100.50][fit]]] button "oval reflect" pic 50.100.50 100x80 with [effect: [fit reflect 1x0 oval]] return button "text on top" pic 100x80 with [font: [valign: 'top] effects: [[fit gradcol 1x1 200.0.0 0.0.200] [fit gradcol -1x-1 200.0.0 0.0.200]]] button "text on bottom" pic 100x80 50.50.100 with [font: [valign: 'bottom] effects: [[fit][fit invert]]] button "big text font" pic 100x80 with [font: [size: 24] effects: [[fit multiply 50.100.200][fit]]] button "cross flip" pic 50.100.50 100x80 with [effect: [fit flip 0x1 reflect 0x1 cross]] return toggle "toggle" toggle "toggle red" 100.0.0 toggle "toggle up" "toggle down" toggle "toggle colored" 0.150.100 150.20.20 toggle "up color" "down color" 0.150.100 150.20.20 toggle "toggle multiply" pic with [effects: [[fit][fit multiply 128.80.60]]] toggle "toggle contrast" pic with [effects: [[fit][fit contrast 80]]] toggle "toggle cross" pic with [effects: [[fit][fit cross]]] toggle "toggle v-grad" with [effects: [[gradient 0x1 0.0.0 0.200.0] [gradient 0x1 0.200.0 0.0.0]]] toggle "toggle h-grad" with [effects: [[gradient 1x0 200.0.0 200.200.200][gradient 1x0 200.200.200 200.0.0]]] toggle "toggle both" with [effects: [[gradient 1x0 140.0.0 40.40.200] [gradient 0x1 40.40.200 140.0.0]]] return rotary data group rotary data reduce [now/date now/time] rotary data group 100.0.0 0.100.0 0.0.100 rotary data group with [font: [colors: [255.80.80 80.200.80]]] rotary data group with [colors: [0.150.100 150.20.20]] rotary data group pic rotary data group pic 200.100.50 rotary data group pic with [effects: [[fit colorize 50.50.200][fit colorize 200.50.50]]] rotary data group with [effects: [[gradient 0x1 0.0.0 0.200.0] [gradient 0x1 0.200.0 0.0.0]]] rotary data group with [effects: [[gradient 1x0 200.0.0 200.200.200][gradient 1x0 200.200.200 200.0.0]]] rotary data group with [effects: [[gradient 1x0 140.0.0 40.40.200] [gradient 0x1 40.40.200 140.0.0]]] ===Paint Program This section is a clip of the layout portion of Frank Sievertsen's remarkable paint program. Open this example to enable a quick link to the real source: button "Browse Source" [browse http://www.reboltech.com/library/html/paint.html] button "Close" [unview] In the example below, a DO block is used to execute initialize code. do [ color: fill-color: start: draw-image: draw-pos: tmp: none type: 'box undos: [] redos: [] draw: func [offset /local tmp] [ compose [ pen (color/color) fill-pen (fill-color/color) (type) (start) (either type = 'circle [ tmp: offset - start to-integer square-root add tmp/x ** 2 tmp/y ** 2 ] [offset]) ] ] ] backdrop effect compose [gradient 1x1 (sky) (water)] across draw-image: image white 300x300 effect [draw []] feel [engage: func [face action event] [ if all [type start] [ if find [over away] action [ append clear draw-pos draw event/offset show face ] if action = 'up [ append/only undos draw-pos draw-pos: tail draw-pos start: none ] ] if all [type action = 'down] [ start: event/offset ] ]] do [draw-pos: draw-image/effect/draw] guide style text text [ tmp: first back find face/parent-face/pane face tmp/feel/engage tmp 'down none tmp/feel/engage tmp 'up none ] label "Tool:" return radio [type: 'line] text "Line" return radio [type: 'box] on text "Box" return radio [type: 'circle] text "Circle" return style color-box box 15x15 [ face/color: either face/color [request-color/color face/color] [request-color] ] ibevel color: color-box 0.0.0 text "Pen" return fill-color: color-box text "Fill-pen" return button "Undo" [if not empty? undos [ append/only redos copy last undos draw-pos: clear last undos remove back tail undos show draw-image ]] return button "Redo" [if not empty? redos [ append/only undos draw-pos draw-pos: insert draw-pos last redos remove back tail redos show draw-image ]] ===Font Lab Carl's Font lab Here a do block is used to initialize some values needed in the layout do [ change-styles: func [style start facet subfacet value /local v][ start: find style/pane start foreach f start [ f: in f facet if subfacet <> 'none [f: in get f subfacet] either block? value [ if not block? get f [set f either none? get f [copy []][reduce [get f]]] either v: find get f value [remove v][head insert get f value] ][set f value] ] show style ] chg: func ['facet 'subfacet value] [ change-styles external-view norm-start facet subfacet value ] shad: does [chg font shadow sdir * to-integer sl2/data * 16] sdir: 1x1 sz: 180x40 sx2: sz/x / 2 ] style tgl toggle 60 style lab vtext bold backcolor rebolor space 0x5 across p: choice 180 "Sans-Serif Style" "Serif Style" "Fixed Width Style" [chg font name pick reduce [font-sans-serif font-serif font-fixed] index? p/data] return tgl "Bold" [chg font style [bold]] tgl "Italic" italic [chg font style [italic]] tgl "Lined" underline [chg font style [underline]] return tgl "Left" of 'tg1 [chg font align 'left] tgl "Center" of 'tg1 [chg font align 'center] tgl "Right" of 'tg1 [chg font align 'right] return tgl "Top" of 'tg2 [chg font valign 'top] tgl "Middle" of 'tg2 [chg font valign 'middle] tgl "Bottom" of 'tg2 [chg font valign 'bottom] return lab "Size:" 60x20 font [] sl: slider 120x20 [chg font size max 8 to-integer sl/data * 40] with [append init [data: .5]] return lab "Space:" 60x20 font [] sl1: slider 120x20 [chg font space (1x0 * to-integer sl1/data * 20) - 5x0] return lab "Shadow:" 60x20 font [] sl2: slider 120x20 [shad] with [append init [data: .5]] return lab "Shad Dir:" 60x20 arrow left [sdir: sdir * 0x1 + -1x0 shad] pad 6 arrow right [sdir: sdir * 0x1 + 1x0 shad] pad 6 arrow up [sdir: sdir * 1x0 + 0x-1 shad] pad 6 arrow down [sdir: sdir * 1x0 + 0x1 shad] pad 6 return button sx2 "Text Color" [chg font color request-color] button sx2 "Area Color" [chg color none request-color] return button sx2 "Help" [alert "Click the controls on the left to change text on the right."] button sx2 "Close" #"^Q" [unview] below at p/offset + (p/size * 1x0) + 10x0 norm-start: Title "Title" sz h1 "Heading 1" sz h2 "Heading 2" sz h3 "Heading 3" sz h4 "Heading 4" sz h5 "Heading 5" sz at norm-start/offset + (norm-start/size * 1x0) + 10x0 banner "Banner" sz vh1 "Video Heading 1" sz vh2 "Video Heading 2" sz vh3 "Video Heading 3" sz vtext "Video Text" sz text "Document Text" sz ===Windows Clipboard ---Cut or Copy to Clipboard Normal Windows cut and copy commands are supported e.g. on a field, contents can be copied to the clipboard. Programmatic access is also supported for text contents. across label "Entry field: " return input-field: field 200 "Enter your text here" return button 200 "Copy Entry field data to clipboard" [write clipboard:// input-field/text] return button 200 "Show Clipboard Contents" [alert read clipboard://] ---Clearing The Clipboard across button 200 "Clear The Clipboard" [write clipboard:// ""] return button 200 "Show Clipboard Contents" [alert read clipboard://] ---Paste from Clipboard Normal Windows paste commands are supported e.g. on a field, contents can be pasted. Programmatic access is also supported for text contents. across button 200 "Show Clipboard Contents" [alert read clipboard://] ===Requesters REBOL View supports an assortment of requesters. The results of the request-* code are returned as its value e.g. chosen-date: request-date ---Request Yes | No | Cancel Provides the user the capability to pick from choices "Yes" | "No" | "Cancel" The result is "True" | "False" | none do [user-response: none] button "Simple Request" 200 [user-response: request "Do you want to abandon your input so far?"] button "View User Response" 200 [alert form user-response] ---Pick A Color do [chosen-color: gold] button "Pick Color" 200 [chosen-color: request-color] button "View Chosen Color" 200 [alert form chosen-color] ---Pick An Answer The request allows a descriptive value then 1, 2, or 3 options. button "Format" 100 [request ["Your message goes here. It will wrap if it is very very long." "Choice 1" "Choice 2" "Choice 3"]] button "Example 1" 100 [request ["Pick The Color of Your New Model T" "Black"]] button "Example 2" 100 [request ["Pick one country" "England" "France"]] button "Example 3" 100 [request ["Run Extract Script?" "Yes" "No" "Cancel"]] ---Pick A Date do [chosen-date: 01-Jun-1990] button "Pick Date" 200 [chosen-date: request-date] button "See Chosen Date" 200 [alert form chosen-date] ---Get A LogonID and Password do [credentials: none] button "Get Credentials" 200 [credentials: request-pass] button "View Credentials" 200 [ view/new layout [ size 200x200 backtile polished orange across banner "Credentials" return label "LogonID: " txt pick credentials 1 return label "Password: " txt pick credentials 2 ] ] ---Pick A File Format: REQUEST-FILE /title title-line button-text /file name /filter filt /keep do [filter-block: ["*.gif" "*.jpg" "*.png" "*.bmp"]] button "Pick Any File" 300 [request-file "Select"] button "Pick With A Title" 300 [request-file/title "Pick The Data File to Process" "OK"] button "Change the Action Button Name" 300 [request-file/title "Pick The Data File to Process" "OK"] button "Keep Results" 300 [request-file/title/keep "Previous Select On This Button Is Kept" "OK"] button "Filter Files" 300 [request-file/title/filter "Pick An Image File" "OK" filter-block] ---Request Text Input Format: REQUEST-TEXT /offset xy /title title-text /default str button "Request Text Input - all default parameters" 300 [request-text] button "Request Text Input - with offset to window" 300 [request-text/offset 40x40] button "Request Text Input - with title" 300 [request-text/title "Input your question"] button "Request Text Input - with default" 300 [request-text/default "Key your question here"] button "Request Text Input - with all parameters" 300 [request-text/offset/title/default 100x100 "Input your question" "Key your question here"] ---Request Download from Net Request a file download from the net. Show progress. Return none on error. Format: REQUEST-DOWNLOAD url /to local-file backtile polished orange button "Request File Download To local REBOL Cache" 300 [request-download http://www.rebol.com/index.html] button "Request File Download To This Directory" 300 [request-download/to http://www.rebol.com/index.htmlnone] button "Request File Download To Specific File" 300 [request-download/to http://www.rebol.com/index.html%/c/temp.html] ===Message Box button "Format" 100 [request ["Your message goes here. It will wrap if it is very very long and tedious." "Close"]] button "Example" 100 [request ["You done good!" "OK"]] ---Confirmation button "Exit" 100 [ request/confirm "Do you want to quit without saving?" [] ] ===Calling the Editor The REBOL editor is now callable with the editor function backtile polished button 300 "Create a test file and edit it" [ write %temp.txt "This is a test file" editor %temp.txt ] frame 204.0.0 ===Calling Windows With View/Pro the calling of executables is supported. Here are two simple examples that will work if you have View/Pro on a platform where a notepad and calc are avaiable. across backtile size 200x200 return button "Notepad" [call ["notepad.exe"]] return button "Calculator" [call ["calc.exe"]] ===Window Options Note that these are options which are ignored by the easyvid.r code that displays them in this tutorial. Copy the code out and run it standalone in REBOL/View. ---Block Options: No Border and No Title view/options layout [ size 200x200 banner "Window Options" button "Close" [unview] ] [ no-border no-title ] ---Word Option: No Title Note that the results of this are surprising if you run it from within a script that has a title option. It is displayed near location 0x0 of the resulting window instead of in the window frame that has been suppressed. view/options layout [ size 200x200 banner "Window Options" button "Close" [unview] ] 'no-title ===REBOL/View Notifiers REBOL/View supports simple notifiers to send messages to a user interface ---Alert button 220 polished "Send alert message" [ alert "This causes a dialogue box to popup" ] ---Flash Flash is provided to provide a message and keep on processing. across size 200x200 return button 150 "Create Flash Message" [flash "Testing"] return button 150 "Unview Flash" [unview] ---Inform inform layout [ backtile polished sky across text font-size 16 bold underline red "Action complete!" return button "OK" [unview]] ---Popup REBOL supports popups (see note below before running!) across size 200x200 button "Show Popup" [ show-popup popup-layout: layout [ across size 200x200 backtile polished banner "The Popup Worked" return button "Unview" [unview] ] ] return button "Hide Popup" [unview/only popup-layout] I have had some difficulties (process lockup) when using these popups so just use view layout [...] and skip the popup part. ===Diagram Example Carl has created some diagrams in REBOL using styles to make an architecture diagram. This is a slightly modified version. Here again a DO block precedes the layout code for non-layout initiatiation ... here the definition of a function. Why make a diagram this way? 1. One reason is that it can be interactive ... the sections are all "hot" with a few lines of code. Here they pop up REBOL Dialogs but they could do anything that can be coded even something as simple as launching a browser on a different URL for each diagram component. The "Compositor" box demonstrates this by launching your browser on the REBOL.com site. 2. Very small footprint size compared to other presentation source formats. do [ information: func [info [string!]][ request/ok reform [ info] ] ] style bx box 255.255.255 0.0.0 font-size 11 font [color: 0.0.0 shadow: 0x0] edge [size: 5x2] [request/ok reform ["No information on" face/text]] style bb box bold left top para [origin: 6x10] edge [size: 2x2] [request/ok reform ["No information on" face/text]] backcolor silver + 30 at 15x15 h1 486 left "Arch Structure" at 15x50 bb "Client" 506x436 160.80.80 [ information "Any client machine e.g. branch or Call Centre"] at 25x252 bb "Mid-Tier" 486x68 effect [gradient 1x1 169.91.155 80.45.75] at 25x152 bb "UI" 486x96 effect [gradient 1x1 38.156.82 19.78.41] at 25x324 bb "Servers" 486x151 effect [gradient 1x1 103.96.200 50.45.100] [ information "Mid-tiers servers with XYZ relational database server" ] at 130x216 bx "Compositor" 182x24 bold [browse http://www.rebol.com] at 130x60 bx "Browser" 120x24 [information "Branch standard browser"] at 130x188 bx "Sound" 182x24 bold [information "Sound services"] at 255x60 bx "Win32" 120x24 [information "Win32 App"] ===Column Images Creates a layout looking (a little) like columns. It uses a gradient effect going from darker to lighter do [ column: make image! layout [ backdrop effect [gradient 1x0 20.20.20 250.240.230 luma 60] ] column-size: 50x420 area-size: 400x420 ; height should be the same as column-size ] backtile polished tan across image column-size column pad -10x0 ; this brings the default VID spacing back area wrap area-size edge none ; take the edge off of area so that it more closely blends shadow 2x2 pad -10x0 image column-size column ; if you want a right column ===Tree View of Directory This is Didier's tree view %request-dir.r In this sample, you must be online because the code is accessed on the Rebol script server do [do http://www.rebol.org/library/scripts/request-dir.r request-dir ] Note that: * the script is read from the script library but runs locally * it is showing the files in your directories ===The emailer Function The function for emailing has appeared in Jan-2004 on the rebol list. It is a simple idea ... to create a standard emailer by invoking a function emailer. This window will show the source: text wrap 400x300 mold get 'emailer And it is simple to run: across size 200x200 return button 150 "Run emailer" [emailer] But on my machine there is again a problem - the emailer locks up REBOL/View. Recommendation: * if it works use it if you like * use Doc Kimbel's one liner (works for me). Assumes you have set up your email in set-user e: field "Email" s: field "Subject" m: area "Body" btn "Send"[send/subject to-email e/text m/text s/text alert "ok"] * better yet, make your own... if the code for the basic is 1 line, then a custom version is not far away. Here's an example that allows selection of your frequent contacts (entered in the names-addresses series) and keeps a journal of email that you have sent (using this code) in file email-journal.txt. Assumes you have setup your user profile correctly to allow sending of email. do [ names-addresses: [ "Contact 1" [contact1-:-no-such-address-:-com] "Contact 2" [contact2-:-no-such-address-:-com] "Contact 3" [contact3-:-no-such-address-:-com] ] names: copy [] foreach [name address] names-addresses [append names name] journal?: false ; set to true if want to journalize sent email ] e: rotary 200 data sort names s: field "Subject" m: area 500x400 wrap "Body" btn "Send"[ send/subject who-to: select names-addresses e/text m/text s/text alert join "Sent email to: " form who-to if journal? [ write/append %email-journal.txt rejoin [ "[ When-sent: " now/precise " To: " who-to " Subject: {" s/text "} Message: {" m/text "} ] " newline ] ] ] btn "Quit" [unview] It won't take much to change this from the rotary used to a text list allowing multiple selections. ===Some More email Earlier there have been a few examples of sending email. Here are a few more that often appear in the mailing list ---Simple Send This is not a runnable version because you don't need anything but REBOL/Core to run it. It has been wrapped in a DO block so it does not send errors to the console. ---Quick Send Short Message do [ send [address-:-isp-:-com] "My Message" ] ---Send Longer Message Now a more complex message where there is a body to the message: do [ send [address-:-isp-:-com] {Sample Message This is the body of the message } ] ---Send with One Attachment Here, so that the sample does not fail, test file(s) are created by the code before attempting the send. do [ test-file: %file-attachment.txt write test-file {Just some test data to create a file} send/attach [address-:-isp-:-com] {Sample Message This is the body of the message } test-file ] ---Send with Attachments And a message with multiple attachments. Here, so that the sample does not fail, test file(s) are created by the code before attempting the send. do [ files: [%file-attachment.txt %second-attachment.txt] foreach file files [write file {Just some test data to create a file}] send/attach [address-:-isp-:-com] {Sample Message This is the body of the message } files ] ---Send to Multiple Addresses Here, so that the sample does not fail, test file(s) are created by the code before attempting the send. do [ files: [%file-attachment.txt %second-attachment.txt] foreach file files [write file {Just some test data to create a file}] send/attach [[address-:-isp-:-com][asecondAddress-:-isp-:-com]] {Sample Message This is the body of the message } files ] ---Send/only Same send only just provide the SMTP server with one copy: Here, so that the sample does not fail, test file(s) are created by the code before attempting the send. do [ files: [%file-attachment.txt %second-attachment.txt] foreach file files [write file {Just some test data to create a file}] send/only/attach [[address-:-isp-:-com][asecondAddress-:-isp-:-com]] {Sample Message This is the body of the message } files ] ---Send With Header This example uses a Do block to wrap the code. If you execute the email should be sent. But it is unlikely to be delivered. The addresses for me and you should be changed in your use as well as the * Subject * Organization * Content do [ me: [myaddress-:-isp-:-com] you: [youraddress-:-isp-:-com] header-object: make system/standard/email [ From: me Reply-To: me Subject: "Some Stuff" Organization: "Cyberia" MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: "text/plain" ] send/header you {Test Message This is the message body. } header-object ] ---Send with CC This adds a copy value in the header-object do [ me: [myaddress-:-isp-:-com] you: [youraddress-:-isp-:-com] header-object: make system/standard/email [ From: me Reply-To: me Subject: "Some Stuff" Organization: "Cyberia" MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: "text/plain" cc: [another-address-:-isp-:-com] ] send/header you {Test Message This is the message body. } header-object ] ---Doctored Code Again Doc Kimbel's one liner that does not waste a character e: field "Email" s: field "Subject" m: area "Body" btn "Send"[send/subject to-email e/text m/text s/text alert "ok"] ===Sharp Styles I really like the style that Didier has put around his email previewer do [ ss-light: stylize [ text: text feel none vtext: vtext feel none col-hdg: text black 255.255.204 bold middle effect [] col-txt: text edge [size: 1x0 color: gray effect: 'bevel] ban: vh3 left to-pair reduce [ 50 logo.gif/size/y] edge [ color: 0.0.0 size: 0x1] feel none with [color: black] lab: label para [origin: 2x3 margin: 0x2] labe: lab edge [size: 1x1 color: water effect: 'ibevel] inf: info 100 font-color yellow bkg: backdrop water - 10.10.10 txt-big: vtext 300 font-size 18 font-color yellow center rti: vtext font-size 14 bold txt-ch: rti font-color white 170x22 para [ origin: 2x3] with [font: make font [ color: white] colors: [55.95.155 235.170.55]] btnb: btn 70.70.70 font-color white men: rti 264 edge [size: 1x1 color: water effect: 'bevel] para [origin: 20x2 margin: 1x4] with [color: water - 40.40.40 effect: first effects: [ [draw [pen white fill-pen white polygon 5x2 13x10 5x18]] [draw [pen white fill-pen white polygon 2x5 10x13 18x5]] ] feel: none] ;system/view/vid/vid-feel/hot] cbox: box 60x20 edge [size: 1x1 color: water effect: 'bevel] [ if temp: request-color/color first face/data [face/color: temp change face/data temp show face] ] with [append init [color: first data]] ] stylesheet: ss-heavy: stylize/styles [ col-hdg: col-hdg effect [gradcol 0x1 200.200.160 155.155.104] ban: ban effect [merge gradcol 150.180.200 0.0.0] with [color: none] bkg: backdrop effect [gradient 1x1 65.125.175 45.75.115 grid 2000x4 1999x4 70.130.190 blur] txt-big: vtext 300 font-size 18 font-color yellow center rti: vtext font-size 14 bold txt-ch: txt-ch effect [gradcol -1x1 105.105.105 151.151.151] men: men effect [gradcol -1x0 black water] ] ss-light ] styles stylesheet space 4x4 origin 4x4 across bkg pad 15 ban 235 :title para [origin: 32x0] pad -254 image 30x30 %palms.jpg effect [fit key 255.0.255] } code: text: layo: external-view: none sections: [] layouts: [] space: charset " ^-" chars: complement charset " ^-^/" rules: [title some parts] title: [text-line (title-line: text)] parts: [ newline | "===" section | "---" subsect | "!" note | example | paragraph ] text-line: [copy text to newline newline] indented: [some space thru newline] paragraph: [copy para some [chars thru newline] (emit txt para)] note: [copy para some [chars thru newline] (emit-note para)] example: [ copy code some [indented | some newline indented] (emit-code code) ] section: [ text-line ( append sections text append/only layouts layo: copy page-template emit h1 text ) newline ] subsect: [text-line (emit h2 text)] emit: func ['style data] [repend layo [style data]] emit-code: func [code] [ remove back tail code repend layo ['code 460x-1 trim/auto code 'show-example] ] emit-note: func [code] [ remove back tail code repend layo ['tnt 460x-1 code] ] show-example: [ if external-view [xy: external-view/offset unview/only external-view] xcode: load/all face/text if not block? xcode [xcode: reduce [xcode]] ;!!! fix load/all if here: select xcode 'layout [xcode: here] external-view: view/new/offset layout xcode xy ] page-template: [ size 500x480 origin 8x8 backdrop white - 80 style code tt snow navy bold as-is para [origin: margin: 12x8] style tnt txt maroon bold ] parse/all detab content rules show-page: func [i /local blk last-face][ i: max 1 min length? sections i append clear tl/picked pick sections i if blk: pick layouts this-page: i [ f-box/pane: layout/offset blk 0x0 last-face: last f-box/pane/pane ; bh slider f-box/pane/pane/1/size: f-box/pane/size: max 500x480 add 20x20 add last-face/offset last-face/size ; bh slider update-slider ; bh slider show f-box ] show tl ; changed to after slider update ; was not refreshing the index display ] update-slider: does [ sld/data: 0 either object? f-box/pane [ sld/redrag min 1.0 divide sld/size/2 f-box/pane/size/2 sld/action: func[face event] compose [ f-box/pane/offset/2: multiply face/data (subtract 480 f-box/pane/size/2) show f-box ] ][ sld/redrag 1.0 show sld sld/action: none ] show sld ] main: layout [ backtile polished across vh2 title-line return tl: text-list 160x480 bold black white data sections [ show-page index? find sections value ] h: at f-box: box 500x480 at h + 500x0 sld: slider 24x480 ; add brett's slider at h + 456x-24 across space 4 arrow left keycode [up left] [show-page this-page - 1] arrow right keycode [down right] [show-page this-page + 1] pad -150 txt white italic font-size 16 form system/script/header/date/date ] show-page 1 xy: main/offset + either system/view/screen-face/size/x > 900 [ main/size * 1x0 + 8x0][300x300] view main | |
Chris: 28-Jun-2008 | Paul: it's a common enough pattern, I'd like to find the most appropriate way to express it. Actually, that's the principle behind QM (which of course, this is intended for). The alternative case above would be: case [ not a < 10 [print "a is more than 10"] not result: a > 0 [print "a is less than 0"] ] result Requires a 'not statement for each test, requires an extra word to track the result and does not return a meaningful value. Consider this: if assert-all [ user/has-role? 'editor [make error! "You do not have required permission"] article: get-param 'article [redirect-to %/articles/create] 10'000 < length? article [make error! "Article is too long"] ][ save %article.txt article redirect-to %/articles/list ] | |
BrianH: 30-Jan-2010 | ; Aliases copied from R3 mezz-file ls: :list-dir pwd: :what-dir rm: :delete mkdir: :make-dir cd: func [ "Change directory (shell shortcut function)." [catch] 'path [file! word! path! unset! string! paren!] "Accepts %file, :variables and just words (as dirs)" ][ ; Workaround for R3 change in lit-word! parameters with paren! arguments if paren? get/any 'path [set/any 'path do path] switch/default type?/word get/any 'path [ unset! [print what-dir] file! [change-dir path] string! [change-dir to-rebol-file path] word! path! [change-dir to-file path] ] [throw-error 'script 'expect-arg reduce ['cd 'path type? get/any 'path]] ] more: func [ "Print file (shell shortcut function)." [catch] 'file [file! word! path! string! paren!] "Accepts %file, :variables and just words (as file names)" ][ ; Workaround for R3 change in lit-word! parameters with paren! arguments if paren? :file [set/any 'file do :file] print read switch/default type?/word get/any 'file [ file! [file] string! [to-rebol-file file] word! path! [to-file file] ] [throw-error 'script 'expect-arg reduce ['more 'file type? get/any 'file]] ] | |
Group: View ... discuss view related issues [web-public] | ||
Gregg: 4-May-2009 | REBOL [] ; r/3 = 'activate = left-click ; r/3 = 'activate = rt-click+menu-item-sel hex: func [ {Returns the base-10 value of a hexadecimal number.} value [integer! string! issue!] "A hexadecimal number" ][ ; Convert to an issue first, so integers can also be translated. to integer! to issue! value ] make-elements: func [name count type /local result][ if not word? type [type: type?/word type] result: copy "^/" repeat i count [ append result join name [i " [" type "]" newline] ] to block! result ] NOTIFYICONDATA: make struct! compose [ cbSize [integer!] hwnd [integer!] uId [integer!] uFlags [integer!] uCallBackMessage [integer!] hIcon [integer!] (make-elements 'szTip 64 #"@") ; CHAR ] none NOTIFYICONDATA/cbSize: length? third NOTIFYICONDATA ;change at third NOTIFYICONDATA 25 "New ToolTip!" ;probe NOTIFYICONDATA ;halt ;constants required by Shell_NotifyIcon API call: NIM_ADD: hex 0 NIM_MODIFY: hex 1 NIM_DELETE: hex 2 NIF_MESSAGE: hex 1 NIF_ICON: hex 2 NIF_TIP: hex 4 WM_MOUSEMOVE: hex 200 WM_LBUTTONDOWN: hex 201 ; 'Button down WM_LBUTTONUP: hex 202 ; 'Button up WM_LBUTTONDBLCLK: hex 203 ; 'Double-click WM_RBUTTONDOWN: hex 204 ; 'Button down WM_RBUTTONUP: hex 205 ; 'Button up WM_RBUTTONDBLCLK: hex 206 ; 'Double-click ;Public Declare Function SetForegroundWindow Lib "user32" (ByVal hwnd As Long) As Long lib: load/library %shell32.dll Shell_NotifyIcon: make routine! compose/deep [ dwMessage [integer!] pnid [struct! [(NOTIFYICONDATA)]] return: [integer!] ] lib "Shell_NotifyIconA" my-hwnd?: does [second get-modes system/ports/system [window]] set-tray-tooltip: func [struct string] [ change at third struct 25 string struct ] system-awake: func [port /local evt][ if all [evt: pick port 1 (evt/1 = 'tray)] [ status/text: mold evt show status ; if any [ ; (evt/3 = 'activate) ; all [(evt/3 = 'menu) (evt/4 = 'desktop)] ; ] [ ; if not desktop-loaded [ ; link-exec-start-desktop/force ; ] ; ] ; if all [(evt/3 = 'menu) (evt/4 = 'quit)] [quit] ] false ] system/ports/system/awake: :system-awake append system/ports/wait-list system/ports/system view layout [ style button button 200 button "Add Tray Menus" [ set-modes system/ports/system compose/deep [ tray: [ add main [ help: (rejoin ["REBOL/Link" any [""]]) ; tooltip menu: [test: "Test" desktop: "Start Desktop" bar quit: "Quit"] ] add other [ ;help: (rejoin ["REBOL/Link" any [""]]) menu: [test-2: "Test-2" bar quit-2: "Quit-2"] ] ] ] ] button "Remove Tray Main Menu" [ set-modes system/ports/system [ tray: [remove main] ] ] button "Remove Tray Other Menu" [ set-modes system/ports/system [ tray: [remove other] ] ] ;button "Change Tray Other Menu" [ ; set-modes system/ports/system [ ; tray: [ ; change other [ ; help: "New Help!" ; menu: [test-3: "Test-3" bar quit-3: "Quit-3"] ; ] ; ] ; ] ;] button "Modify Tooltip" [ nid: make struct! NOTIFYICONDATA none nid/hwnd: my-hwnd? nid/uid: 1 nid/cbSize: length? third nid nid/uFlags: NIF_TIP ; NIF_ICON ;nid/hIcon: ;nid/szTip: "New ToolTip!^@" set-tray-tooltip nid "New ToolTip A!" ;print mold third nid res: Shell_NotifyIcon NIM_MODIFY nid print [res to logic! res] ] button "Modify Other Tooltip" [ nid: make struct! NOTIFYICONDATA none nid/hwnd: my-hwnd? nid/uid: 2 nid/cbSize: length? third nid nid/uFlags: NIF_TIP ; NIF_ICON ;nid/hIcon: ;nid/szTip: "New ToolTip!^@" set-tray-tooltip nid "New ToolTip B!" ;print mold third nid res: Shell_NotifyIcon NIM_MODIFY nid print [res to logic! res] ] button "Unview" [unview] status: text 200 ] free lib | |
JoshF: 29-Aug-2010 | Here's the agg style with get-face doing what I want (returning the field name with everything else in a list, suitable for dropping into a key/value list): agg: panel with [ multi: make multi [ text: func [face blk][] size: func [face blk][] decimal: func [face blk][] ] append init [ context [ p: pane f: facets while [all [not tail? p not tail? f]] [ either 'label = p/1/style [ p/1/text: f/1 ] [ set-face p/1 f/1 ] p: next p f: next f ] ] ] access/get-face*: func [face /local p label x] [ p: face/pane label: to-word p/1/text p: next p x: copy [] while [not tail? p] [append x get-face p/1 p: next p] return reduce [label x] ] ] | |
Group: I'm new ... Ask any question, and a helpful person will try to answer. [web-public] | ||
Gregg: 11-May-2009 | REBOL [] do %include.r include %file-list.r flash-wnd: flash "Finding test files..." if file: request-file/only [ files: read first split-path file ] if none? file [halt] items: collect/only item [ foreach file files [item: reduce [file none]] ] unview/only flash-wnd ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ;-- Generic functions call*: func [cmd] [ either find first :call /show [call/show cmd] [call cmd] ] change-each: func [ [throw] "Change each value in the series by applying a function to it" 'word [word!] "Word or block of words to set each time (will be local)" series [series!] "The series to traverse" body [block!] "Block to evaluate. Return value to change current item to." /local do-body ][ do-body: func reduce [[throw] word] body forall series [change/only series do-body series/1] ; The newer FORALL doesn't return the series at the tail like the old one ; did, but it will return the result of the block, which is CHANGE's result, ; so we need to explicitly return the series here. series ] collect: func [ "Collects block evaluations." [throw] 'word block [block!] "Block to evaluate." /into dest [block!] "Where to append results" /only "Insert series results as series" /local fn code marker at-marker? marker* mark replace-marker rules ][ block: copy/deep block dest: any [dest make block! []] fn: func [val] compose [(pick [insert insert/only] not only) tail dest get/any 'val get/any 'val ] code: 'fn marker: to set-word! word at-marker?: does [mark/1 = marker] replace-marker: does [change/part mark code 1] marker*: [mark: set-word! (if at-marker? [replace-marker])] parse block rules: [any [marker* | into rules | skip]] do block head :dest ] edit-file: func [file] [ ;print mold file call* join "notepad.exe " to-local-file file ;join test-file-dir file ] flatten: func [block [any-block!]][ parse block [ any [block: any-block! (change/part block first block 1) :block | skip] ] head block ] logic-to-words: func [block] [ change-each val block [either logic? val [to word! form val] [:val]] ] standardize: func [ "Make sure a block contains standard key-value pairs, using a template block" block [block!] "Block to standardize" template [block!] "Key value template pairs" ][ foreach [key val] template [ if not found? find/skip block key 2 [ repend block [key val] ] ] ] tally: func [ "Counts values in the series; returns a block of [value count] sub-blocks." series [series!] /local result blk ][ result: make block! length? unique series foreach value unique series [repend result [value reduce [value 0]]] foreach value series [ blk: first next find/skip result value 2 blk/2: blk/2 + 1 ] extract next result 2 ] ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------- counts: none refresh: has [i] [ reset-counts i: 0 foreach item items [ i: i + 1 set-status reform ["Testing" mold item/1] item/2: random/only reduce [true false] show main-lst set-face f-prog i / length? items wait .25 ] update-counts set-status mold counts ] reset-counts: does [counts: copy [total 0 passed 0 failed 0]] set-status: func [value] [set-face status form value] update-counts: has [pass-fail] [ counts/total: length? items pass-fail: logic-to-words flatten tally collect res [foreach item items [res: item/2]] ;result (e.g.): [true 2012 false 232] standardize pass-fail [true 0 false 0] counts/passed: pass-fail/true counts/failed: pass-fail/false ] ;--------------------------------------------------------------- main-lst: sld: ; The list and slider faces c-1: ; A face we use for some sizing calculations none ml-cnt: ; Used to track the result list slider value. visible-rows: ; How many result items are visible at one time. 0 lay: layout [ origin 5x5 space 1x0 across style col-hdr text 100 center black mint - 20 text 600 navy bold { This is a sample using file-list and updating progress as files are processed. } return pad 0x10 col-hdr "Result" col-hdr 400 "File" col-hdr 100 return pad -2x0 ; The first block for a LIST specifies the sub-layout of a "row", ; which can be any valid layout, not just a simple "line" of data. ; The SUPPLY block for a list is the code that gets called to display ; data, in this case as the list is scrolled. Here COUNT tells us ; which ~visible~ row data is being requested for. We add that to the ; offset (ML-CNT) set as the slider is moved. INDEX tells us which ; ~face~ in the sub-layout the data is going to. ; COUNT is defined in the list style itself, as a local variable in ; the 'pane function. main-lst: list 607x300 [ across space 1x0 origin 0x0 style cell text 100x20 black mint + 25 center middle c-1: cell cell 400 left cell [edit-file item/1] ] supply [ count: count + ml-cnt item: pick items count face/text: either item [ switch index [ 1 [ face/color: switch item/2 reduce [none [gray] false [red] true [green]] item/2 ] 2 [mold item/1] 3 ["Edit"] ] ] [none] ] sld: scroller 16x298 [ ; use SLIDER for older versions of View if ml-cnt <> (val: to-integer value * subtract length? items visible-rows) [ ml-cnt: val show main-lst ] ] return pad 0x20 f-prog: progress 600x16 return status: text 500 return button 200 "Run" [refresh show lay] pad 200 button "Quit" #"^q" [quit] ] visible-rows: to integer! (main-lst/size/y / c-1/size/y) either visible-rows >= length? items [ sld/step: 0 sld/redrag 1 ][ sld/step: 1 / ((length? items) - visible-rows) sld/redrag (max 1 visible-rows) / length? items ] view lay | |
Group: Parse ... Discussion of PARSE dialect [web-public] | ||
PeterWood: 6-Oct-2009 | If you are parsing a string skip only advances one character at a time. When I wrote make-word-list for rebol.org using a complemented charset gave a big performance improvement. Though you may be able to suggest better ways to optimise it - http://www.rebol.org/view-script.r?script=make-word-list.r | |
Group: !RebGUI ... A lightweight alternative to VID [web-public] | ||
Ashley: 9-Mar-2007 | A word on my design philosophy, which might help determine whether you can live with the standard widgets or not. I like widgets that are small, efficient and satisfy the majority usage case. I want to be able to look at a widget I or someone-else wrote and "grok" it quickly. When I rewrite a widget I'd like to make it simpler and more efficient. Let's look at tab-panel as a case in point. It now does everything I'd reasonably expect it to do: 1) Multiple tabs 2) Auto label size determination 3) Automatic widget size and resize 4) Supports Tab actions 5) Options to start with another tab selected and fire the initial action The code is simple, clean, efficient and weighs in at just over a hundred lines. I can look at it and "grok" it in a couple of seconds. But there are many additional things it could do: 1) Ability to add/remove tabs at runtime 2) Ability to rename/reorder tabs 3) Handle case where tabs > available display width But you get diminishing returns when you implement functionality to support these operations as they don't constitute the major usage case, and you can code most of them at the app layer by treating the tab-panel data block as a block of data that you can manipulate and display (via an unview/redisplay sequence). But what about the third point, where the tabs don't fit? Isn't that a problem? No, that's an app design issue. It's no different from: display "Test" [ text 10 "Some long text that doesn't fit" radio-group 20x5 data ["Option 1" "Option 2"] drop-list 15 data ["Some long text that doesn't fit"] ] You have to allocate sufficient space for your widgets to render correctly. If you need to render volumes of data that won't fit then use area or a list type widget (e.g. text-list, drop-list, table, grid, etc). My aim is to progressively review and rewrite each widget to conform to the above design philosophy, starting with the simpler widgets and leaving the more complex ones till last. I'm about half way through at present. | |
Ashley: 31-May-2007 | effects/radius: 0 for group-boxes? ... effects/radius is global. It is currently used by: group-box panel tab-panel tooltip and can be set as follows: ctx-rebgui/effects/radius: 0 Is there a way to make a horizontal scroll bar on a table? No, nor with text-list or area. Same issue with tab-panel. This is quite deliberate and you may wish to refer to my comments from 10th March this year headed, "A word on my design philosophy, ...", to see why. ;) | |
Ashley: 31-Dec-2007 | RebGUI color management. The "old" RebGUI color management system evolved by adding new colors to ctx-rebgui/colors as and when a new color was selected. Many of these colors (e.g. button, tooltip*, btn*) were widget specific. In all, 15 colors were defined. In addition to this, a number of hard-coded colors such as white, black, coal, red and blue were scattered throughout the system. The effect of all this was to provide a means whereby *most* colors could be changed, but the design of a "theme" other than the default WinXP scheme was problematic. The new color management system rationalizes these colors down to a base set of 8, being: page text theme-light theme-dark state-light state-dark outline-light outline-dark with all existing "old" color references being converted to the "new" ones. page and text will usually be white and black (high contrast), with outlines being grey, and theme and state being variations on the same color. The updated request-ui shows how these themes can more easily be chosen (there is a drop-list beneath each of the theme and state groups that sets both light and dark to a similar color). This is still a work in progress, and I am basing the model (and color selections) largely on those described in the "Quilt design style guide"; and colors / ideas from: http://tango.freedesktop.org/Tango_Icon_Theme_Guidelines http://library.gnome.org/devel/gtk/unstable/gtk-Resource-Files.html (styles section) A number of things have to come together to make this work: 1) Conceptual model: do we have the right tokens to reflect all color configurable aspects of the UI (e.g. is there a color word appropriate for a highlight selection, a heading, etc) 2) Are they named appropriately (e.g. is selected better than state-light?) 3) What colors should be used in what context? This last one is very tough. As a general rule I've followed the Quilt model and used outline-light for non-edit edges, theme-dark for edit edges and heading backgrounds, etc (you can find a crude list of usage cases under the new "Colors" tab of RebDOC). But what about a widget like button? It potentially has the following color states: Unselected theme-dark Focus theme-light Button-down ? and widgets such as sheet which might have: Headings theme-dark with page font/color text Cells page Edges outline-light Selected cell theme-light Forumla cell theme-light Cell that cursor is currently over and there are a number of ways of denoting this with color: as a background color change as a font color change as an edge color change as a combination of the above In short, there are a lot of ways of implementing this. What I want needs to be simple and consistent with as few colors as possible. Any suggestions (including links to good color management techniques / approaches) greatly appreciated. | |
Group: Rebol School ... Rebol School [web-public] | ||
Volker: 22-Apr-2006 | - maybe examine multiple scripts, and count in how many a word is? Then 'view would count high, even if used once. Words occuring in every script are important. - "choose the task instead" - good idea. Make a list of tasks and list required words. could be in that 15-30-range | |
Group: RT Q&A ... [RT Q&A] Questions and Answers to REBOL Technologies [web-public] | ||
Gabriele: 13-Oct-2005 | Q: What does the world on Nov-15-2005 look like? A: Our main goal is to get REBOL into the hands of more users, not just programmers and techies.... by the millions over time. By doing that, we create a market for not only handy free REBOL apps, but also for commercial apps and entire businesses that are related to REBOL. Q: Given that window transparency is OS specific, will there be a dialect that covers both Windows, Linux and 40+ other OS? In other words, does RT plan on continued support of so many languages, or are we entering a new era of specific OS support? A: Our plan is to make that a window option that is part of the face/options for a window. If an OS does not support this mode, then the option will be ignored, but the application will still be fully functional. Q: I hope it is still valid that cooperation with RT is possible. I mean - last few weeks I play with some Win32 functions (thanks to Gregg) and I would like we would have proper app behavior in multi-monitor/multi-desktop environments .... so I wonder if any SIGs will be created, some ppl will be invited to participate, comment etc., or if RT is gonna cook it all themselves? A: Yes, there are many such special interest projects currently going on. (Most of them are occurring via private projects in AltME and IOS.) These days 90% of REBOL changes are done in cooperation with the REBOL community. Q: Hi .... with recent Rebcode releases, we can see that internally new Core is marked as 2.7 and View is marked as 1.4 Is it just working "title" or will those products be marked as that? And if so, can we know, what other changes will go for 1.4 View release target? Will there be any AGG fixes/additions (to support SVG RebGUI progress), or even VID changes? I still think, that VID is missing few fine styles as tab, group-box, better list as was introduced on IOS Developer's server, (eventually tree, menu), to allow novices to start using VID/View more productively. Any chance RT can tell us, what is the plan for 1.4 release? A: Regarding 2.7 and 1.4 question: we change the revision numbers (the second number) whenever there is a major change in REBOL that may be unstable. The /core 2.7 kernel (that is in /view 1.4 as well) adds new datatypes to REBOL, and they are the first datatypes added in several years, so we consider this to be a major change, and marked it that way. Yes, we do plan to be making a few AGG fixes very soon. Oh, and regarding VID: we plan to be making very big changes there. More to come soon. Q: Could you add struct! support to /Core? I keep on having situations that would be made much easier by struct! when I don't need libraries. For instance, conversions from external binary data encodings to internal REBOL values, say for file formats, network protocols and so on. Now rebcode has added other forms of strong typing like the type-specific opcodes and the vectors. Having structs with their constrained field types, their specific data layouts, would be a perfect match for the low level operations of rebcode. They would be helpful later when implementing your own data types as well. A: On structs: yes, we will enable this feature on core, but it should only be used for lower level code. Objects are more powerful. Q: Could you add an APPLY opcode to rebcode? apply: ["Apply function or path to arguments, save result" word! word! | path! block!] In rebcode: apply x f [arg1 arg2 ...] Is equivalent to this in REBOL: x: do f arg1 arg2 ... The advantage to doing function calls this way is that the arity of the opcode is fixed, even if the arity of the function called can't be known ahead of time. The value assigned to the function word could be either a function or a path, or for efficiency you could have a seperate opcode APPLYP for path values (I'd prefer just one opcode for generality but it's your call). A: I'm not sure what is meant by the path for it. You mean for refinements? That may actually slow down the apply interface. | |
Group: Tech News ... Interesting technology [web-public] | ||
[unknown: 9]: 1-Feb-2007 | Marketing Ideas to lawyers AN ARTICLE FROM SUNDAY'S NEW YORK TIMES WE SHOULD READ CAREFULLY. Awaiting the Day When Everyone Writes Software By JASON PONTIN Published: January 28, 2007 BJARNE STROUSTRUP, the designer of C++, the most influential programming language of the last 25 years, has said that “our technological civilization depends on software.” True, but most software isn’t much good. Too many programs are ugly: inelegant, unreliable and not very useful. Software that satisfies and delights is as rare as a phoenix. Skip to next paragraph Sergei Remezov/Reuters Charles Simonyi, chief executive of Intentional Software, in training for his trip to the International Space Station, scheduled for April. Multimedia Podcast: Weekend Business Reporters and editors from The Times's Sunday Business section offer perspective on the week in business and beyond. How to Subscribe All this does more than frustrate computer users. Bad software is terrible for business and the economy. Software failures cost $59.5 billion a year, the National Institute of Standards and Technology concluded in a 2002 study, and fully 25 percent of commercial software projects are abandoned before completion. Of projects that are finished, 75 percent ship late or over budget. The reasons aren’t hard to divine. Programmers don’t know what a computer user wants because they spend their days interacting with machines. They hunch over keyboards, pecking out individual lines of code in esoteric programming languages, like medieval monks laboring over illustrated manuscripts. Worse, programs today contain millions of lines of code, and programmers are fallible like all other humans: there are, on average, 100 to 150 bugs per 1,000 lines of code, according to a 1994 study by the Software Engineering Institute at Carnegie Mellon University. No wonder so much software is so bad: programmers are drowning in ignorance, complexity and error. Charles Simonyi, the chief executive of Intentional Software, a start-up in Bellevue, Wash., believes that there is another way. He wants to overthrow conventional coding for something he calls “intentional programming,” in which programmers would talk to machines as little as possible. Instead, they would concentrate on capturing the intentions of computer users. Mr. Simonyi, the former chief architect of Microsoft, is arguably the most successful pure programmer in the world, with a personal fortune that Forbes magazine estimates at $1 billion. There may be richer programmer-billionaires — Bill Gates of Microsoft and Larry Page of Google come to mind — but they became rich by founding and managing technology ventures; Mr. Simonyi rose mainly by writing code. He designed Microsoft’s most successful applications, Word and Excel, and he devised the programming method that the company’s software developers have used for the last quarter-century. Mr. Simonyi, 58, was important before he joined Microsoft in 1981, too. He belongs to the fabled generation of supergeeks who invented personal computing at Xerox PARC in the 1970s: there, he wrote the first modern application, a word processor called Bravo that displayed text on a computer screen as it would appear when printed on page. Even at leisure, Mr. Simonyi, who was born in Hungary and taught himself programming by punching machine code on Russian mainframes, is a restless, expansive personality. In April, he will become the fifth space tourist, paying $20 million to board a Russian Soyuz rocket and visit the International Space Station. Mr. Simonyi says he is not disgusted with big, bloated, buggy programs like Word and Excel. But he acknowledges that he is disappointed that we have been unable to use “our incredible computational ability” to address efficiently “our practical computational problems.” “Software is truly the bottleneck in the high-tech horn of plenty,” he said. Mr. Simonyi began thinking about a new method for creating software in the mid-1990s, while he was still at Microsoft. But his ideas were so at odds with .Net, the software environment that Microsoft was building then, that he left the company in 2002 to found Intentional Software. “It was impractical, when Microsoft was making tremendous strides with .Net, to send somebody out from the same organization who says, ‘What if you did things in this other, more disruptive way?’ ” he said in the January issue of Technology Review. For once, that overfavored word — “disruptive” — is apt; intentional programming is disruptive. It would automate much of software development. The method begins with the intentions of the people inside an organization who know what a program should do. Mr. Simonyi calls these people “domain experts,” and he expects them to work with programmers to list all the concepts the software must possess. The concepts are then translated into a higher-level representation of the software’s functions called the domain code, using a tool called the domain workbench. At two conferences last fall, Intentional Software amazed software developers by demonstrating how the workbench could project the intentions of domain experts into a wonderful variety of forms. Using the workbench, domain experts and programmers can imagine the program however they want: as something akin to a PowerPoint presentation, as a flow chart, as a sketch of what they want the actual user screen to look like, or in the formal logic that computer scientists love. Thus, programmers and domain experts can fiddle with whatever projections they prefer, editing and re-editing until both parties are happy. Only then is the resulting domain code fed to another program called a generator that manufactures the actual target code that a computer can compile and run. If the software still doesn’t do what its users want, the programmers can blithely discard the target code and resume working on the domain workbench with the domain experts. As an idea, intentional programming is similar to the word processor that Mr. Simonyi developed at PARC. In the jargon of programming, Bravo was Wysiwyg — an acronym, pronounced WIZ-e-wig, for “what you see is what you get.” Intentional programming also allows computer users to see and change what they are getting. “Programming is very complicated,” Mr. Simonyi said. “Computer languages are really computer-oriented. But we can make it possible for domain experts to provide domain information in their own terms which then directly contributes to the production of the software.” Intentional programming has three great advantages: The people who design a program are the ones who understand the task that needs to be automated; that design can be manipulated simply and directly, rather than by rewriting arcane computer code; and human programmers do not generate the final software code, thus reducing bugs and other errors. NOT everyone believes in the promise of intentional programming. There are three common objections. The first is theoretical: it is based on the belief that human intention cannot, in principle, be captured (or, less metaphysically, that computer users don’t know what people want). The second is practical: to programmers, the intentional method constitutes an “abstraction” of the underlying target code. But most programmers believe that abstractions “leak” — that is, they fail to perfectly represent the thing they are meant to be abstracting, which means software developers must sink their hands into the code anyway. The final objection is cynical: Mr. Simonyi has been working on intentional programming for many years; only two companies, bound to silence by nondisclosure agreements, acknowledge experimenting with the domain workbench and generator. Thus, no one knows if intentional programming works. Sheltered by Mr. Simonyi’s wealth, Intentional Software seems in no hurry to release an imperfect product. But it is addressing real and pressing problems, and Mr. Simonyi’s approach is thrillingly innovative. If intentional programming does what its inventor says, we may have something we have seldom enjoyed as computer users: software that makes us glad. Jason Pontin is the editor in chief and publisher of Technology Review, a magazine and Web site owned by M.I.T. E-mail: [pontin-:-nytimes-:-com]. | |
Group: !REBOL3-OLD1 ... [web-public] | ||
BrianH: 4-May-2006 | As for the hash (or assoc) index and list data combo, it has some advantages. When you are inserting and removing data a lot lists have a known speed benefit but the real advantage as far as indexes are concerned is in how lists handle series offsets (I'm using the word offset here because I'm using the word index to refer to the external hash/assoc index). Blocks encode their offsets as a number offset from the beginning of the series: >> a: [a b c] == [a b c] >> b: skip a 2 == [c] >> index? b == 3 >> insert next a 'd == [b c] >> b == [b c] >> index? b == 3 List offsets are pointers to the associated list element. >> a: make list! [a b c] == make list! [a b c] >> b: skip a 2 == make list! [c] >> index? b == 3 >> insert next a 'd == make list! [b c] >> b == make list! [c] >> index? b == 4 If you are indexing your data and your data in in a block, you need to update your index with almost every insertion and removal because the references to latter positions of the block in the index will be invalid. With list insertion and removal, external references are likely to still be valid unless the referenced elements themselves are deleted. If you are sure to delete the reference from the index (or replace it with nones) the rest of the index should be OK. New index references can just be tacked on the end, or put into the first empty entry. This makes live indexes a lot more practical. On the down side, if you are using lists and they are long enough to make linear searches impractical, you really do need an external index for them to be useful. Also you need to balance the overhead and complexity of keeping the indexes updated against their benefit. This technique is not for the faint of heart unless you can get some guru to do algorithms for you. | |
Group: !Cheyenne ... Discussions about the Cheyenne Web Server [web-public] | ||
Graham: 31-Dec-2008 | REBOL/View 2.7.6.3.1 14-Mar-2008 Copyright 2000-2008 REBOL Technologies. All rights reserved. REBOL is a trademark of REBOL Technologies. WWW.REBOL.COM >> do %cheyenne.r make object! [ code: 303 type: 'script id: 'expect-arg arg1: 'context arg2: 'blk arg3: [block!] near: [extension-class: context list] where: func [/local list][ list: extract phases 2 forall list [change list to-set-word list/1] repend list [to-set-word 'service none] extension-class: context list ] ] >> | |
Henrik: 9-Jun-2010 | After rebooting OSX, I'm now getting this error, when trying to start cheyenne.r: make object! [ code: 303 type: 'script id: 'expect-arg arg1: 'context arg2: 'blk arg3: [block!] near: [extension-class: context list] where: func [/local list][ list: extract phases 2 forall list [change list to-set-word list/1] repend list [to-set-word 'service none] extension-class: context list ] ] | |
Group: !REBOL3 ... [web-public] | ||
Oldes: 23-Jan-2012 | Steeve... I guess Ladislav is looking for something like this R2 helper script: gbl-test: func [ code /all /init {returns string with all global variables set to none} /local gbl-list words str_init ][ words: make block! 50 str_init: make string! 1000 gbl-list: query/clear system/words do code if block? gbl-list: query system/words [ foreach item gbl-list [ if any [all value? item] [ insert tail words to-word item if init [ insert tail str_init join to-word item ": " ] ] ] ] if init [ write clipboard:// join str_init "none" ] words ] >> gbl-test [a: 1] == [a] >> f: func[a][b: a + 1] gbl-test [f a: 1] == [a b] | |
Group: !REBOL3 Modules ... Get help with R3's module system [web-public] | ||
BrianH: 22-Oct-2010 | For the sake of completeness, here are the highlights of the alpha 108 changes: - Script headers can have an options block, a simple block of flag words. User extensible. - The standard script header now has a lot fewer words in it. More stuff is optional or in the options block. - Script compression, either binary and base 64 binary! encoded. Automatic, transparent. - Script checksums, both to verify the script and for IMPORT to compare with. Applies to decompressed source. - An optional script length header field (like http's Content-Length). This allows binary script embedding. - Internal support for getting the end of an embedded script, so a multi-loader is possible. - The 'content and 'isolate header fields are changed to option words. The content is still saved to a 'content header field. - The 'content field, if set, is set to the start position of the script proper, even if there is stuff before it. - The whole system/contexts/system concept is gone, as part of the system restructuring. Now we have SYS. - The system/contexts/exports concept is gone too, replaced by a not-module-specific runtime library called LIB. - The old type: 'extension is now the 'extension header option word. The only module type is 'module. And it's optional for most code. - Mixins are now called "private modules", and are flagged by the 'private option word. And they can have names. - Private modules can be added to the system modules list (because of the names). This lets them be reused without being reloaded. - Unnamed modules are now prohibited (until alpha 109, where they become private modules that reload every time). - Delayed modules, which can be partially loaded and then not fully made until they are imported. Use the 'delay option word. - A HIDDEN module source keyword, which applies PROTECT/hide to a word or words. Acts like the EXPORT keyword. - Better errors are triggered when the bad things happen. Including new error codes. - DO and MAKE--MODULE intrinsics are now in sys, as DO* and MAKE-MODULE*. No more system/intrinsics. - DO-NEEDS is no longer exported (it's in sys). IMPORT block is a public alias for DO-NEEDS anyways. - MODULE now makes modules that act more like those in script files. And has /mixin support too. - A whole bunch of changes and fixes to native functions to support the above stuff. | |
Group: Core ... Discuss core issues [web-public] | ||
DideC: 8-Feb-2011 | Rebol [] make-obj: func [ "Créé un objet en sauvant son nom dedans." 'name "Nom de l'objet à créer." obj "Objet de base à instancier." spec "extension de l'objet de base." ] [ set name make obj append reduce [to-set-word 'obj-name to-string name] spec ] save-obj: func [ "Sauvegarde un objet selon son propre nom." 'obj "Objet à sauvegarder." /local name ] [ name: any [all [word? obj object? get obj get in get obj 'obj-name] join "objet" random 10000] save/all to-file join name ".r" get obj ] load-obj: func [ "Recharge un objet et l'intancie selon son propre nom s'il en a un." file "Nom du fichier à charger." /local obj ] [ if exists? file [ obj: load file probe bind next first obj obj probe get in obj 'list all [in obj 'obj-name set to-word get in obj 'obj-name obj] ] obj ] task: make object! [ list: copy [] add: funct [t [block!]] [ append list t ] save: does [ save-obj self ] run: does [ do list ] ] make-obj task1 task [] task1/add [a: 0 a: a + 1] task1/add [print a] task1/run task1/save task1: none load-obj %task1.r task1/run |